Infestation of some potato cultivars by Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes at different levels of nitrogen fertilization
Bożena Cwalina-Ambroziak
Cwalina-Ambroziak@uwm.edu.plKatedra Fitopatologii i Entomologii, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie (Poland)
Bożena Bogucka
Katedra Agrotechnologii i Zarządzania Produkcją Roślinną, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie (Poland)
Aldona Trojak
Państwowa Inspekcja Ochrony Roślin w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim (Poland)
Abstract
The studies were carried out in the years 1997–1999 in a closed field experiment located at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo. The objects of study were three medium late cultivars of potato fertilized with nitrogen at 30, 60 and 90 kg·ha-1 by rows (applied into the ridge during planting) and by surface throwing method. During the vegetation period, three weeks before the harvest the intensity of infestation with anthracnose (Colletotrichum coccodes) was assessed. The quantitative and qualitative composition of fungi isolated from potato stems selected at random was analyzed in the laboratory. During the entire period of the study potato cv. Anielka was characterized by significantly lower infestation by C. coccodes as compared to cultivars Rywal and Salto. The infestation indices were 18.5, 16.9 and 22.6% in the years 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. The levels of infestation depended on the nitrogen fertilization doses. The highest level (27%) was recorded in 1999 on the potatoes fertilized at the lowest dose of 30 kg·ha-1.Infestation of plants in the experimental variant with fertilization in the ridge compared to that in the variant with surface fertilization, was significantly lower only in the third year of the study. Isolation of fungi from random selected potato stems proved a significant share of C. coccodes (35.5%) among 479 colonies. The fungus was most frequently isoloated from cv. Rywal. The other pathogens, represented by species of the genera Fusarium and Alternaria alternata, were isolated from stems less frequently (8% each). A slight domination of C. coccodes isolates was found in potatoes fertilized with the lowest nitrogen dose, while fungi of the genera Fusarium and Rhizoctonia solani were more frequently found on stems of the plants supplied with nitrogen at 60 and 90 kg·ha-1.
Keywords:
Colletotrichum coccodes, fungi, cultivar of potato, dose of N, method of N fertilizationReferences
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Authors
Bożena Cwalina-AmbroziakCwalina-Ambroziak@uwm.edu.pl
Katedra Fitopatologii i Entomologii, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie Poland
Authors
Bożena BoguckaKatedra Agrotechnologii i Zarządzania Produkcją Roślinną, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie Poland
Authors
Aldona TrojakPaństwowa Inspekcja Ochrony Roślin w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim Poland
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