Effects of yield components on grain yield differentiation in selected maize varieties at increased plant density
Marian Machul
iung@iung.pulawy.plZakład Uprawy Roślin Pastewnych, Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa, Puławy (Poland)
Krystyna Magnuszewska
Zakład Uprawy Roślin Pastewnych, Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa, Puławy (Poland)
Abstract
Field trials were conducted in the years 1999–2001 at the Experimental Station in Błonie-Topola. Five maize cultivars: Janna, Dragon, Mieszko, LG 2244 and Costella at four sowing densities (70, 90, 110 and 130 thousand grains per 1 ha) were tested. The yield structure was analyzed on samples of ten cobs per plot. The impact of yield components on absolute (dt/ha) and relative (%) differences in grain yield, as related to both the lowest plant density and lowest yield, were estimated as described by Rudnicki (2000). Higher yielding of maize in the conditions of a higher plant density was due to a higher number of cobs per 1 m2, which consequently increased the mean yield of grains by 11.6 dt/ha (12.4%). However, such a plant density caused both the reduction of a number of grains per cob and the weight of 1000 grains, which, in turn, decreased the total grain yield by 2.1 and 1.1 dt/ha (2.3 and 1.1%), respectively. Higher grain yield in four varieties (av. by 17.6 dt/ha; 20.6%), as compared with that in var. Janna, resulted from a higher number of grains per cob (by 9.8 dt/ha; 11.5%), weight of a thousand grains (by 4.0 dt/ha; 4.7%), as well as from a higher number of cobs per 1 m2 (by 3.8 dt/ha; 4.4%). A contribution of particular yield components to the total grain yield in the evaluated varieties was different. Both, a small number of grains per cob in var. Dragon and low weight of 1000 grains in var. Mieszko caused the substantial reduction of their yield, as compared with varieties Costella and LG 2244.
Keywords:
grain yield, maize, plant density, varieties, yield componentsReferences
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Authors
Marian Machuliung@iung.pulawy.pl
Zakład Uprawy Roślin Pastewnych, Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa, Puławy Poland
Authors
Krystyna MagnuszewskaZakład Uprawy Roślin Pastewnych, Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa, Puławy Poland
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Copyright (c) 2003 Marian Machul, Krystyna Magnuszewska
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