From field to tank - Camelina sativa as the future of Polish biofuels?
Marcin Walter
marcin.walter@orlen.plBiuro Badań i Rozwoju Petrochemii i Rafinerii Przyszłości, Centrum Badawczo-Rozwojowe ORLEN S.A., ul. Łukasiewicza 35, 09-400 Płock (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-0689
Tymoteusz Dec
Wydział Energetyki i Paliw, Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30 – 059 Kraków (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3965-1112
Kamil Banach
Biuro Badań i Rozwoju Petrochemii i Rafinerii Przyszłości, Centrum Badawczo-Rozwojowe ORLEN S.A., ul. Łukasiewicza 35, 09-400 Płock (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8383-6967
Abstract
Poland is one of the key rapeseed producers in Europe, with over one million hectares of rapeseed cultivated, accounting for 97% of all oilseed crops in the country. Two-thirds of rapeseed oil is intended for biofuel production. Rapeseed monoculture is a problem, as the use of agricultural land for rapeseed cultivation for energy purposes competes with food production, and rapeseed production capacity is limited by the area under cultivation and climatic conditions. Camelina sativa is a promising alternative to rapeseed oil, and its attractiveness stems from its greater resistance to unfavorable soil and climatic conditions compared to rapeseed. Cultivation of camelina creates the opportunity to utilize poor-quality soils, unsuitable for most agricultural crops, thus providing opportunities for developing areas previously unused for agriculture. Although camelina oil cannot be poured directly into the tank, after appropriate processing it can be used to obtain methyl esters (FAME) or ethyl esters (FAEE) of higher fatty acids, which are used as additives to biodiesel. An alternative method of converting camelina oil is hydrogenation, which produces hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO). After pressing the camelina oil, the resulting biomass is rich in lignocellulose, which can be used to produce second-generation bioethanol, biodegradable polyurethanes, biocomposites, and many other biomaterials. Camelina, one of the oldest oilseed crops in Europe, appears to be a plant of the future.
Keywords:
biofuels, Camelina sativa, HVO, FAMEReferences
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Authors
Marcin Waltermarcin.walter@orlen.pl
Biuro Badań i Rozwoju Petrochemii i Rafinerii Przyszłości, Centrum Badawczo-Rozwojowe ORLEN S.A., ul. Łukasiewicza 35, 09-400 Płock Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-0689
Authors
Tymoteusz DecWydział Energetyki i Paliw, Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30 – 059 Kraków Poland
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3965-1112
Authors
Kamil BanachBiuro Badań i Rozwoju Petrochemii i Rafinerii Przyszłości, Centrum Badawczo-Rozwojowe ORLEN S.A., ul. Łukasiewicza 35, 09-400 Płock Poland
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8383-6967
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