Polish agriculture in the European Union and some experiences of the first year of the membership
Benon Gaziński
wns@uwm.edu.plWydział Nauk Społecznych i Sztuki, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie (Poland)
Abstract
The overview of the experiences of Polish agriculture and rural areas during the first year of the EU membership is presented in this article. In the introductory part, the conditions of agricultural development under the system of the socialist planned economy is briefed. The Polish agriculture has been successful to survive the pressure of collectivization but entered into the period of market transformation technologically backward, with dispersed agrarian structure and suppressed by the environment of state monopoly of agricultural purchases and supplies and the lacking possibilities of self-organization of local communities. The system transformation, introduced in 1989, put challenges of rapid change from the conditions of the “economy of shortages” into the market economy. Another key factor, changing political and economic environment and the future of Polish agriculture is the European integration. In the following parts of the article, the long way of Poland towards EU membership and crucial results of the accession negotiations related to agriculture and rural development are outlined. Experiences of the first year of the membership are presented in the final part of the article. It is shown that most fears, spread in rural communities before the accession, have not been confirmed. During the first year of the membership the good performance of Polish agricultural trade has been recorded. The trade turnover has increased significantly and the trend of positive trade balance, recorded in the year preceding the accession, has been enhanced. Remarkable financial sources from the Community budget – to cover the needs of the CAP and structural policy — bring a new perspectives of rural and agricultural development of Poland. In the forthcoming new budgeting period of 2007–2013 no crucial changes of the Community policies are planned. In the long-run perspective, some basic reforms are to be expected.
Keywords:
agriculture, European Union, Poland, rural areasReferences
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Authors
Benon Gazińskiwns@uwm.edu.pl
Wydział Nauk Społecznych i Sztuki, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie Poland
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