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Theoretical basis of importance of genotypic and interaction effects in plant breeding on an example of winter wheat

Wiesław Mądry

wieslaw_madry@sggw.edu.pl
Katedra Biometrii SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)

Mike Talbot


Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Edinburgh (United Kingdom)

Krzysztof Ukalski


Katedra Biometrii SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)

Tadeusz Drzazga


Hodowla Roślin Rolniczych „Nasiona Kobierzyc” w Kobierzycach (Poland)

Marzena Iwańska


Katedra Biometrii SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)


Abstract

Some basic theoretical problems and results of experimental studies on importance and exploiting genotypic, genotype × environment (GE) interaction and location × years (LY) interaction effects are presented for a trait in crop breeding and evaluation programmers that are based on series of field trials (known as multi-environment trials, MET). Among GE interaction ones the following effects are defined: genotype × location (GL), genotype × year (GY) and genotype × location × year (GLY) effects. Importance of the mentioned effects can be determined by estimates of variance components of these effects using data obtained in a representative MET, repeated at several locations over a period of years. Theoretical considerations are enriched and illustrated by variance component estimates for grain yield of winter wheat obtained from both own and foreign experimental studies. It was shown that using yearly series of multi-location trials, GL interaction (it is the averaged over years GL interaction called repeatable or exploitable GL interaction) and then, response of genotypes to environments in locations, averaged over years, can not be evaluated accurately in a target region when effects of LY and/or GLY interactions are relatively substantial (variable). Additionally, in yearly series of variety trials differentiation and ranking of genotypic means, averaged over years and locations in a target region, can not be estimated accurately when occurring substantial effects of GY and/or GLY interactions. In various world’s regions and gene pools variance components of LY interaction effects for winter wheat grain yield had the largest contribution to the variability of this trait. Effects of GLY interaction were the most substantial among all GE interaction effects. Effects of LY and GLY interactions limited repeatability of yearly GL interaction effects over different years. Then, substantial effects of LY and GLY limit repeatability of yearly stability and adaptation of genotypes in a target region over years. Effects of genotype × location interaction were often less variable than genotypic and genotype × year interaction effects. The estimates of variance components for winter wheat grain yield in own studies were used to simulate values of some characteristics, like repeatability of genotype-phenotypic mean, standard error of genotype-phenotypic means and their differences at different numbers of locations, years and replicates in MET.

 

Keywords:

genotype-environment interaction, incomplete data, REML method, variance components, wide and local adaptation, winter wheat, grain yield

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Published
2006-09-29

Cited by

Mądry, W. (2006) “Theoretical basis of importance of genotypic and interaction effects in plant breeding on an example of winter wheat”, Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, (240/241), pp. 13–32. doi: 10.37317/biul-2006-0031.

Authors

Wiesław Mądry 
wieslaw_madry@sggw.edu.pl
Katedra Biometrii SGGW, Warszawa Poland

Authors

Mike Talbot 

Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Edinburgh United Kingdom

Authors

Krzysztof Ukalski 

Katedra Biometrii SGGW, Warszawa Poland

Authors

Tadeusz Drzazga 

Hodowla Roślin Rolniczych „Nasiona Kobierzyc” w Kobierzycach Poland

Authors

Marzena Iwańska 

Katedra Biometrii SGGW, Warszawa Poland

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