Selected traits of spring wheat in Polish climatic conditions. Part 1. The traits of yield components and basic technological parameters
Magdalena Gut
Grain Plants Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute — National Research Institute in Cracow (Poland)
Przemysław Szecówka
Grain Plants Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute — National Research Institute in Cracow, (Poland)
Andrzej Bichoński
Polanowice Plant Cultivation Station (Poland)
Abstract
The purpose of the paper was to determine phenotype and genotype variability of yield components structure (number of grains, grain mass and 1000 grain weigh) as well as of the basic technological traits (sedimentation number, falling number, protein percentage content per grain). The research also considered the issue of pre-harvest sprouting. During each vegetation season rainfall and temperature were recorded. The examined material were the strains of F6 - F7 generation. Coefficients of correlation between the values of particular traits and mean temperatures and rainfall sum during a given season showed that yield component parameters were significantly modified by temperature; whilst warm vegetation seasons proved to be benefi- cial. Negative correlation between the rainfall sum and the number of grains and grain mass as well as 1000 grain weight suggests that the excess of water may be more detrimental for the yield than its shortage. Coefficients of correlation between the values of basic technological parameters and mean temperature were negative and not very high or low or even – insignificant, as in the case of falling number. High h2 coefficients suggest a good heritability of yield components parameters, and yield per ear seem to be the trait that was transmitted best. Amongst the basic quality indicators, the highest heritability was observed in the case of falling number and the lowest one in the case of sedimentation number. The weakest genetic conditioning was observed in the case of resistance to sprouting, measured as the percentage of sprouting grains in the ear. It seems therefore that genetic variability was, to a large degree, masked by the environmental impact and, in spite of a high degree of genetic conditioning, the effectiveness of selection based on a visual evaluation of the forms rated for further cultivation might be limited.
Keywords:
climate, quality of wheat, wheatReferences
Anwar M.R, O’Leary G., McNeil D., Hossain H., Nelson R., 2007 Climate change impact on rainfed wheat in south-eastern Australia Field Crops Research, 104, (1-3): 139-147
Google Scholar
Asseng S., Milroy S.P.,. Poole M.L 2008, Systems analysis of wheat production on low water-holding soils in a Mediterranean-type environment: I. Yield potential and quality Field Crops Research, 105(1-2): 97- 106,
Google Scholar
Biddulph T.B., Plummer J.A., Setter T.L., Mares D.J., 2008,Seasonal conditions influence dormancy and preharvest sprouting tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the field Field Crops Research, 107, (2): 116-128.,
Google Scholar
Chloupek O., Hrstkova P., Schweigert P. 2004,Yield and its stability, crop diversity, adaptability and response to climate change, weather and fertilisation over 75 years in the Czech Republic in comparison to some European countries Field Crops Research 85(2-3): 167-190.
Google Scholar
Cygankiewicz A. 2000. Ocena jakościowa polskich odmian pszenicy ozimej i jarej w porównaniu do odmian zagranicznych oraz rodów z doświadczeń wstępnych ze zbioru 1998 roku. Biul IHAR. 214: 31-48
Google Scholar
Dupont F. M.,. Altenbach S. B., 2003, Molecular and biochemical impacts of environmental factors on wheat grain development and protein synthesis. Journal of Cereal Science 38(2): 133-146
Google Scholar
Fischer R.A. 2008,The importance of grain or kernel number in wheat: A reply to Sinclair and Jamieson Field Crops Research, 105, 1-2, (2) 15-21
Google Scholar
Gut M. 2003. Odporność zbóż na porastanie przedżniwne - problemy i perspektywy (Cereal's Resistance to pre-harvest sprouting - problems and perspectives). Biul. IHAR 230: 15-21
Google Scholar
Gut M., Bichoński A., Mikulski W., 2004 Influence of water stress on spring barley yields under polish climatic conditions. Acta Agron. Hung. 52(1) 29-36
Google Scholar
Gut M., Bichoński A.2007 Technological quality and yield components of winter wheat lines under Polish climatic coditions Cereal Res Comm. 15(1): 151-161
Google Scholar
Mares DJ, Mrva K 2008 Late-maturity a-amylase: low falling number in wheat in the absence of preharvest sprouting. J Cereal Sci 47: 6–17
Google Scholar
Schillinger W.F., Schofstoll S.E., Alldredge J.R. 2008, Available water and wheat grain yield relations in a Mediterranean climate Field Crops Research, 109(1-3): 45-49
Google Scholar
Uddin N., Carver B.F. Clutter A.C. 1992. Genetic analysis and selection for wheat yield in drought stressed and irrigated environments. Euphytica 62: 89-96
Google Scholar
Authors
Magdalena GutGrain Plants Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute — National Research Institute in Cracow Poland
Authors
Przemysław SzecówkaGrain Plants Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute — National Research Institute in Cracow, Poland
Authors
Andrzej BichońskiPolanowice Plant Cultivation Station Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 83PDF downloads: 30
License
All articles published in electronic form under CC BY-SA 4.0, in open access, the full content of the licence is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.pl .
