Selection-based heritability of resistance to Pythium ultimum in safflower
Elham Nikmanesh
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 386, Gorgan, Iran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Mohammadhadi Pahlevani
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 386, Gorgan, Iran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Seyed Esmaeil Razavi
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 386, Gorgan, Iran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Abstract
Damping-off disease caused by Pythium ultimum can kill both germinating seeds and young seedlings and cause considerable damage in safflower cultivation. An estimation of heritability lets safflower breeders determine the most effective method for improving seedling emergence in soils infected with P. ultimum, the causal agent of seed rot and damping-off. Two cycles of selection were performed to estimate the realized heritability of resistance to the pathogen in five safflower populations. Undamaged seedlings were selected as resistant individuals and were kept to produce seed. The results showed that selection for two consecutive generations increased the emergence of seedlings in Pythium-infected soil from 46 to 53 %. The heritability estimates varied between 1.72 and 77.66 % over the genotypes and environments, in inverse proportion to the severity of the disease. Estimates of heritabilities showed that genes conferring resistance to P. ultimum in safflower are highly heritable and would respond to selection breeding, particularly in some of the studied genotypes, like Isfahan and Zarghan259. However, different breeding methods must be explored for other genotypes.
Keywords:
additive, emergence, genotype, seed, zoosporeReferences
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Authors
Elham NikmaneshDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 386, Gorgan, Iran Iran, Islamic Republic of
Authors
Mohammadhadi PahlevaniDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 386, Gorgan, Iran Iran, Islamic Republic of
Authors
Seyed Esmaeil RazaviDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 386, Gorgan, Iran Iran, Islamic Republic of
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