Current approaches and utilization of new screening techniques for evaluation of FHB resistance at CIMMYT.
N. Schlang
Global Wheat Program, International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. (Mexico)
E. Duveiller
Global Wheat Program, International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. (Mexico)
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease of wheat in most wheat growing areas of the world. Resis- tance to FHB is a key trait for CIMMYT and many wheat breeding programs worldwide. New plant pheno- typing techniques such as quantification of fungal biomass using real-time PCR have become available re- cently. CIMMYT’s approach is to test new techniques for their feasibility and to apply them in routine disease screening programs if they prove to be valuable.
Two sets of spring wheat genotypes assembled on the basis of low (group 1) and high (group 2) FHB index observed in previous years, were phenotyped and genotyped in CIMMYT’s FHB screening program. Phenotyping consisted of visual disease scoring (FHB index), mycotoxin analysis (DON) and quantification of fungal biomass. Apart from the FHB index, the two groups differed slightly in terms of DON accumulation although no differences were observed for average fungal biomass. This observation combined with the lack of correlation between disease symptoms and amount of fungal biomass suggested that some useful informa- tion may not be considered to discriminate resistant from susceptible genotypes when field selection is solely based on visual scoring results. DON/biomass-ratio was assessed for all genotypes and was found to be higher in the more resistant group 1 contrary to expectiations. An increase in DON production resulting from a stress or from resistance is discussed as a possible hypothesis. The determination of fungal biomass proved to be potentially valuable as a phenotyping tool. Genotyping results also showed that new genotypes harboring moderate levels of resistance and differing from traditional sources of scab resistance become available.
Keywords:
DON content, FHB index, fungal biomass, screening techniques, wheatReferences
Bai, G.H., Desjardins, A.E. and Plattner, R.D. (2004): Deoxynivalenol-nonproducing Fusarium graminearum causes initial infection, but does not cause disease spread in wheat spikes. Mycopathologia 153:91-98.
Google Scholar
Binder, E.M., Tan, L.M., Chin, L.J., Handl, J. and Richard, J. (2007) Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities, feeds and feed ingredients. Animal Feed Science and Technology 137:265–282.
Google Scholar
Brunner, K., Kovalsky Paris, M.P., Paolino, G., Bürstmayr, H., Lemmens, M., Berthiller, F., Schuhmacher, R., Krska, R. and Mach, L.M. (2009): A reference-gen-based quantitative PCR method as a tool to determine Fusarium resistance in wheat. Anal Bioanal Chem 395:1385-1394.
Google Scholar
Bürstmayr, H., Ban, T. and Anderson, J.A. (2009): QTL mapping and marker-assisted selection for Fusarium head blight resisatnce in wheat: a review. Plant Bredding 128:1-26.
Google Scholar
Champeil, A. Fourbet, J.F., Dore, T. (2004a): Effects of grain sampling procedures on Fusarium mycotoxin assays in wheat grain. J Agric Food Chem 52:6049-6054.
Google Scholar
Champeil, A., Dore, T. and Fourbet, J.F. (2004b): Fusarium haed blight: epidemiological origin of the effects of cultural practices on head blight attacks and the production of mycotoxins by Fusarium in wheat grains. Plant Sci 166:1389-1415.
Google Scholar
Chu, C., Chao, S., Cai, X., Zhong, S. and Xu, S. (2008): Haplotype analysis of genes for Fusarium head blight resistance in tetraploid wheat germplasm. Proc. of the 2008 National FHB forum, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, 2-4 December.
Google Scholar
Cumagun, C.J.R. and Miedaner, T. (2004): Segregation for aggressiveness and deoxynivalenol production of a population of Gibberella zeae causing head blight of wheat. Europ J Plant Pathol 110:789-799.
Google Scholar
Dill-Macky, R. (2003): Inoculation methods and evaluation of Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat. In: Leonard, K.J. and Bushnell, W.R. (eds.): Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley. 184-210.
Google Scholar
Dorofeev, D.A.; Artemenko, E.N. and Devyatkina, G.A. (2002): Optimizing the method of determining Fusarium spp. biomass based on ergosterol content. Russ. Agric. Sci. 1:10-13.
Google Scholar
Gosman, N., Srinivasachary, S., Steed, A., Chandler, E., Thomsett, M. and Nicholson, P. (2009): Evaluation of type I fusarium head blight resistance of wheat using non-deoxynivalenol-producing fungi. Plant Pathology 59:147-157.
Google Scholar
Kolb, F.L. and Boze, L.K. (2003): An alternative to the FHB index: incidence, severity and kernel rating (ISK) index. Proc. of the 2003 National FHB forum, Bloomington, Minnesota, USA, 13-15 December.
Google Scholar
Lemmens, M., Scholz, U., Berthiller, F. Dall’Asta, C., Koutnik, A., Schuhmacher, R., Adam, G., Bürstmayr, H., Mesterházy, A., Krska, R. and Ruckenbauer, P. (2005): The ability to detoxify the mycotoxin doxynivalenol colocalizes with a major quantitative trait locus for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat. Mol Plant Microbe Int 18:1318-1324.
Google Scholar
Mesterházy, A. (2003): Breeding wheat for Fusarium head blight resistance in Europe. In: Leonard, K.J. and Bushnell, W.R. (eds.): Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley. 211-240.
Google Scholar
Mezzalama, M., Duveiller, E., Murakami, J. and Dreisigacker, S. (2008): Fusarium head blight program at CIMMYT: An integrated approach to defeat the disease. Cereal Research Communications 36 (Supplement 6):143-145.
Google Scholar
Miedaner, T. (2006): Breeding wheat and rye for resistance to Fusarium diseases. Plant Breeding 116:201- 220.
Google Scholar
Miedaner, T., Reinbrecht, C., Laubner, U., Schollenberger, M. and Geiger, H.H. (2001): Effects of genotype and genotype-environment interaction on deoxynivalenol accumulation and resistance to Fusarium head blight in rye, triticale and wheat. Plant Breeding 120:97-105.
Google Scholar
Murakami, J., Lewis, J., Egusa, M., Gargouri, S., Kodama, M., Duveiller, E. and Ban, T. (2008): Evaluation of a real-time quantitative PCR assay for an effective screening of genotypes with FHB resistance and low mycotoxin accumulation in wheat and barley. Cereal Research Communications 36(Supplement 6):147-148.
Google Scholar
Nicholson, P., Sampson, D.R., Weston, G., Rezanoor, H.N., Lees, A.K., Parry, D.W. and Joyce, D. (1998): Detection and quantification of Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum in cereals using PCR assays. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 53:17-37.
Google Scholar
Pestka, J.J. (2007): Deoxynivalenol: Toxicity, mechanisms and animal health risks. Animal Feed Science and Technology 137:283–298.
Google Scholar
Reid, L.M., Nicol, R.W., Ouellet, T., Savard, M., Miller, J.D. and Young, J.C.; Stewart, D.W.; Schaafsma, A.W. (1999): Interaction of Fusarium graminearum and F. moniliforme in maize ears: disease progress, fungal biomass, and mycotoxin accumulation. Phytopathology 89: 1028-1037.
Google Scholar
Ruckenbauer, P., Bürstmayr, H. and Lemmens, M. (2001): Present strategies in resistance breeding against scab (Fusarium spp.). Euphytica 119:121-127.
Google Scholar
Scheider, N., Guo, J.-R., Verreet, J.-A., Beyer, M. (2009): Assessing the intensity of Fusarium-damage in wheat: A comparison of selected disease parameters during diseases development and the role of fungicides. J Plant Dis Prot 116:118-123.
Google Scholar
Schroeder, H.W. and Christensen, J.J. (1963): Factors affecting resistance of wheat to scab caused by Gibberella zeae. Phytopathology 53:831-838.
Google Scholar
Waalwijk, C., van der Heide, R., de Vries, I., van der Lee, T., Schoen, C., Costrel-de Corainville, G., Häuser-Hahn, I., Kastelein, P., Köhl, J., Lonnet, P., Demarquet, T., Kema, G.H.J. (2004): Quantitative detection of Fusarium species in wheat using TaqMan. Europ J Plant Pathol 110:481-494.
Google Scholar
Waldron, B.L., Moreno-Sevilla, B., Anderson, J.A., Stack, R.W. and Frohberg, R.C. (1999): RFLP mapping of QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat. Crop Sci 39:805–811.
Google Scholar
Authors
N. SchlangGlobal Wheat Program, International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. Mexico
Authors
E. DuveillerGlobal Wheat Program, International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. Mexico
Statistics
Abstract views: 172PDF downloads: 50
License
All articles published in electronic form under CC BY-SA 4.0, in open access, the full content of the licence is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.pl .
