EVALUATION OF SEED NUT SIZE AS INDEX OF SELECTION FOR SUPERIOR SEED QUALITY ATTRIBUTES IN TWO BIOTYPES OF CASHEW (ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE)
T. O. Kehinde
wydawnictwo2@ihar.edu.plDepartment of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria (Nigeria)
M. A. Adebisi
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, (Nigeria)
A. O. Alegiledoye
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria (Nigeria)
K. A. Shofuyi
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria (Nigeria)
Abstrakt
Quality seed nuts are germane to propagation of the cashew plant. Seed nut fraction and genotypes have been identified to influence seed quality of crop plant. Unexpectedly, seed size effect has not been well documented in Brazilian and local biotypes of cashew grown in Nigeria. An experiment was initiated to investigate the effect of three nut sizes and two biotypes of cashew on seed quality (physical and physiological) traits. Seed nut were collected from three cashew plants of the same age of each of the biotypes and were allowed to stay for 60 days after collection. The experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates using two factors (nut size and biotypes) in 2011 cropping season in both laboratory and screen house tests. Data were collected on physical characters such as seed length, seed width, 100 seed weight and seed imbibition rate while physiological characters were seed germination and early vigour traits. Data obtained were analysed statistically using Tukey HSD test at 5% probability level. The result revealed that some of the characters were significantly different from one another. Seed nut fraction and biotype had considerable effect on seed length, seed width, seed imbibition rate and 100 seed weight. The two factors (nut size and biotype) interaction had profound effect on seed width only. On seed physiological quality, biotype effect was significant on seedling fresh and dry weights and seedling growth rate whereas seed nut size had considerable effect on seed germination, seedling vigour index, seedling fresh weight and seedling growth rate. The interaction effect of nut size and biotype recorded significant effect on the above four characters. Brazilian biotype had superior physical characters (seed length, width and weight) but with low imbibitions rate while medium and large nut sizes gave the highest seed germination and seedling vigour. Also, medium and large nuts had the highest seedling fresh weight whereas the highest seedling growth rate was recorded with small size seed. However, large, medium and small nut sizes of local biotype had the highest imbibition rate, whereas small, medium and large nut size of Brazilian biotype gave the highest 100 seed weight. On seedling emergence, large nuts of local biotype recorded the highest seedling emergence and seedling vigour index. Medium nuts of the two biotypes of cashew are recommended for cashew seed multiplication. Further research on physiology of cashew nut sizes during storage and osmo and hydro priming treatment effect are necessary and therefore advocated.
Słowa kluczowe:
cashew, seed vigour, emergence, seed nut sizeBibliografia
Adeyemi, E. A., Tijani-Eniola, H. and Famaye, A. O. 2011. Nut Storage Periods and Nut Sizes Effects on Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale L.) Seedling Emergence and Growth. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 6 (7):33-38.
Auckland, A.K. 1961. The influence of seed quality on the early growth of cashew. Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad, 38, 57-67.
Ayfer, M. and Serr, E.F 1961. Effects of gibberellin and other factors on seed germination and early growth in Pistacia species. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 77, 308-315.
FAO. 2004. Food and Agriculture Organization, Online Production Statistics Division.
FAO. 2007. Food and Agriculture Organization, Online Production Statistics Division.
Ibikunle, B.O and Komolafe, D.A 1973. Some experiments on the germination of cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale Linn.). Nigerian Journal of Science, 7, 19-29.
Kim, S. H, Choe, Z. R., Kang, J. H., Copeland, L. O. and Elias, S. G. 2002. Multiple seed vigour indices to predict field emergence and performance of barley. Seed Science and Technology 22:29 38.
Onyeka, C. V. 2010. Studies on effect of storage duration, nut size and water soaking time on seed germination and early seedling vigour in cashew. Project Report. Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. 30 pp.
Oyewumi, A. A. 2014. Response of nut quality to storage period and nut size in two cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.) biotypes. Master of Agriculture dissertation, Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, South West, Nigeria 83pp.
Subbaiah, C.C. 1982. Effect of pre-soaking in organic solvents on seed germination and seedling growth of cashew. Scientia Horticulturae, 18, 137-142.
Turner, D.J. 1956. Some observations on the germination and grading of cashew nut. East African Agricultural Journal, 22, 35-39
Udoh, D.J, Ndoh, B.A, Asuquo, P.E and Ndaeyo, N.U. 2005. Crop Production Techniques for the Tropics. Concept Publication (Nig.) Ltd, 464pp
Vertucci, C. N. 1989. The kinetics of seed imbibition. Seed Science and Technology, 16:601-612. Google Scholar
Autorzy
T. O. Kehindewydawnictwo2@ihar.edu.pl
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria Nigeria
Autorzy
M. A. AdebisiDepartment of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria
Autorzy
A. O. AlegiledoyeDepartment of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria Nigeria
Autorzy
K. A. ShofuyiDepartment of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P. M. B. 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria Nigeria
Statystyki
Abstract views: 391PDF downloads: 77
Licencja
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Na tych samych warunkach 4.0 Miedzynarodowe.
Wszystkie artykuły publikowane w formie elektronicznej na mocy licencji CC BY-SA 4.0, w otwartym dostępie (open access), pełna treść licencji jest dostępna pod adresem: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.pl .
