Estimation of the interrelationships between different traits of winter wheat using the path analysis
Tadeusz Śmiałowski
zhsmialo@cyf-kr.edu.plInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Kraków (Poland)
Zygmunt Nita
Hodowla Roślin Strzelce Sp. z o.o. (Poland)
Edward Witkowski
Hodowla Roślin Smolice Sp. z o.o. (Poland)
Abstract
The aim of the work was to estimate variability, genetic differentiation and correlation between 19 traits in 112 strains of the winter wheat grown in 2004 in a preliminary trial in 7 localities. The estima-tion was performed both in the field and under laboratory conditions. The following traits were evaluat-ed: grain yield, winter hardiness, earliness (days to heading), time to maturity (days), height of plants, canopy uniformity, weight of 1000 grains, sedimentation value, wet gluten and protein contents, as well as resistance to lodging and preharvest sprouting, and that to infection with: powdery mildew, brown rust, yellow rust, stem rust, leaf septoria, ear septoria and head blight (Fusarium culmorum). The coef-ficients of variability (CV) for the investigated traits varied from high for the value of sedimentation (29%) to low for the resistance to stem rust (1.7%) and for the time to maturity (2.5%). The coefficients of genetic differentiation (h2) were high for all the traits, except for the resistance to ear septoria. In most cases, the coefficients of correlation between the analysed traits were low. Statistically significant corre-lation between grain yield and the following traits: resistance to ear septoria (0.230*), gluten content (-0.232*), protein content (-0.239*), plants height (0.232*) and lodging (0.190*), was recorded. The path analysis was used to estimate interrelationships between grain yield and the following traits: winter har-diness, time to heading, time to maturity, plants height, weight of 1000 grains, resistance to preharvest sprouting, and resistance to leaf septoria. Statistically significant direct effects of plants height and win-ter wheat resistance to leaf septoria upon grain yield were found (0.393** in both cases). The effect of the time of maturity on grain yield was highly significant but negative (-0.371**). This surprising effect was masked by a relatively strong (0.244) indirect effect of leaves infestation by septoria. The coeffi-cients of correlation between grain yield and protein and wet gluten contents were low (-0.232* and –0.239*, respectively). Highly significant direct relationships between the grain yield and both the protein content and the sedimentation value, were revealed (-0.341** and 0.336**, respectively), despite the low correlation between these traits.
Keywords:
agricultural and technological traits, path analysis, winter wheatReferences
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Authors
Tadeusz Śmiałowskizhsmialo@cyf-kr.edu.pl
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Kraków Poland
Authors
Zygmunt NitaHodowla Roślin Strzelce Sp. z o.o. Poland
Authors
Edward WitkowskiHodowla Roślin Smolice Sp. z o.o. Poland
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