The influence of potato cultivar and storage temperature on the amount of losses in tuber mass
Zbigniew Czerko
z.czerko@ihar.edu.plIHAR Radzików, Oddział w Jadwisinie, Zakład Przechowalnictwa i Przetwórstwa Ziemniaka (Poland)
Abstract
The aim of the investigations carried out in the years 2004–2007 was to assess the losses in mass of potato tubers of 10 cultivars stored at 3°C, 5°C or 8°C. After a 6-month storage season natural losses, losses caused by tuber diseases and those caused by sprouting were estimated. The date of beginning and intensity of tuber sprouting during storage at different temperatures were determined. Natural losses in tubers kept at 3°C or 5°C were comparable (6.7–6.8%). Relatively higher losses (8.7%) were recorded for tubers stored at 8°C. The losses caused by tuber diseases ranged from 0.5% to 7.5%. The tuber mass loss in cvs Augusta, Velox, Clarissa, Felka Bona and Pirol did not exceed 1%. The date of beginning of tuber sprouting depended both on the potato cultivar and on the storage temperature. The potatoes stored at 8°C started sprouting between the 3rd decade of November (Nora) and the 3rd decade of January (Clarissa, Syrena). After the 6-month storage period the average length of sprouts varied from 15 mm (Clarissa) to 166 mm (Velox). The conditions of storage at 5°C, compared to those at 8°C, caused the delay in beginning of tuber sprouting by about 2 months. The tubers kept at 3°C did not sprout, except for the cvs Nora and Velox. The losses in tuber mass caused by sprouting ranged from 0.1% to 1.5%, depending on the cultivar. Seven of 10 cultivars: Augusta, Clarissa, Felka Bona, Kuklik, Nora, Pirol and Velox reached high degrees (8–9) in a 9-degree scale used to estimate the level of storage durability. The lowest level of this feature (2) was estimated for cv. Krasa.
Keywords:
diseases, natural losses, potato, sprouting, storage, temperatureReferences
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Authors
Zbigniew Czerkoz.czerko@ihar.edu.pl
IHAR Radzików, Oddział w Jadwisinie, Zakład Przechowalnictwa i Przetwórstwa Ziemniaka Poland
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