Relationships between grain yield and its components in winter triticale advanced lines across three locations
Wiesław Mądry
wieslaw_madry@sggw.edu.plKatedra Biometrii, SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)
Dariusz Gozdowski
Katedra Biometrii, SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)
Jan Rozbicki
Katedra Agronomii, SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)
Mirosław Pojmaj
Hodowla Roślin Danko Sp. z o.o., z/s w Choryni, Oddział Laski (Poland)
Stanisław Samborski
Katedra Agronomii, SGGW, Warszawa (Poland)
Abstract
The investigations were performed based on the data derived from the pre-registered trials including 40 advanced lines of winter triticale developed in Danko plant breeding company. The trials were conducted in the season 2004–2005 at three locations. Variance components of genotypic effects, G×E interaction, error effects on grain yield and its three basic components as well as coefficients of correlation between these traits were estimated. The coefficients of genotypic variability for yield components were higher than those for grain yield in each environment; the highest coefficients were found for a number of spikes per m2. The direct effects of each yield component upon grain yield were positive and comparable, whereas, the indirect effects of the yield components were negative, thereby implicating a substantial compensation within the components. All the considered effects were consistent across locations.
Keywords:
advanced lines, G×E interaction, grain yield, path analysis, variability, winter triticale, yield componentsReferences
Adams M. W. 1967. Basis of yield component compensation in crop plants with special reference to field bean. Crop Sci. 7: 505 — 510.
Google Scholar
Adugna W., Labuschagne M. T. 2003. Association of linseed characters and its variability in different environments. Journal of Agricultural Science Cambridge 140: 285 — 296.
Google Scholar
Agrama H.A.S. 1996. Sequential path analysis of grain yield and its components in maize. Plant Breeding 115: 343 — 346.
Google Scholar
Al-Yassin A., Grando S., Kafawin O., Tell A., Ceccarelli S. 2005. Heritability estimates in contrasting environments as influenced by the adaptation level of barley germ plasm. Annals of Applied Biology 147: 235 — 244.
Google Scholar
Annicchiarico P. 2002. Genotype-environment interactions: challenges and opportunity for plant breeding and cultivar recommendations. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 174. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
Google Scholar
Annicchiarico P. Pecetti L. 1998. Yield vs. morphophysiological trait-based criteria for selection of durum wheat in a semi-arid Mediterranean region (northern Syria). Field Crops Research 59: 163 — 173.
Google Scholar
Annicchiarico P., Pecetti L. 1993. Contribution of some agronomic traits to durum wheat performance in a dry Mediterranean region of Northern Syria. Agronomie 13: 25 — 34.
Google Scholar
Annicchiarico P., Pecetti L., Boggini G., Doust M.A. 2000. Repeatability of large-scale germplasm evaluation results in durum wheat. Crop Sci.40: 1810 — 1814.
Google Scholar
Annicchiarico P., Pecetti P. 1995. Morpho-physiological traits to complement grain yield selection under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions in each of the durum wheat types Mediterranean typicum and syriacum. Euphytica 86: 191 — 198.
Google Scholar
Ball R. A., McNew R. W., Vories E. D., Keisling T. C., Purcell L. C. 2001. Path analyses of population density effects on short-season soybean yield. Agron. J. 93: 187 — 195.
Google Scholar
Bänziger M., Bertran F. J., Lafitte H. R. 1997. Efficiency of high nitrogen selection environments for improving maize for low-nitrogen target environments. Crop Sci. 37: 1103 — 1109.
Google Scholar
Board J. E., Kang M. S., Bodrero M. L. 2003. Yield components as indirect selection criteria for late-planted soybean cultivars. Agron. J. 95:420 — 429.
Google Scholar
Brancourt-Hulmel M., Heumez E., Pluchard P., Beghin D, Depatureaux C., Giraud A., Le Gouis J. 2005. Indirect versus direct selection of winter wheat for low input or high input levels. Crop Sci. 45: 1427 — 1431.
Google Scholar
Budzyński W., Jankowski K., Szempliński W. 2003. Cultivar-related and agronomic conditions of rye yielding on good rye soil suitability complex part I. Yield and its relationship with the yield components. Vol. 6, issue 1, Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, ser. Agronomy.
Google Scholar
Ceccarelli S. 1996. Adaptation to low/high input cultivation. Euphytica 92: 203 — 214.
Google Scholar
Ceccarelli S., Acevedo E., Grando S. 1991. Breeding for yield stability in unpredictable environments: single traits, interaction between traits, and architecture of genotypes. Euphytica 56: 169 — 185.
Google Scholar
Collaku A. 1994. Selection for yield and its components in a winter wheat population under different environmental conditions in Albania. Plant Breeding 112: 40 — 46.
Google Scholar
Cooper M., DeLacy L. H. 1994. Relationships among analytical methods used to study genotypic variation genotype by environment interaction in plant breeding multi-environment experiments. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 88:561 — 572.
Google Scholar
Cooper M., Stucker R. E., DeLacy I. H., Harch B. D. 1997. Wheat breeding nurseries, target environments, and indirect selection for grain yield. Crop Sci. 37:1168 — 1176.
Google Scholar
de la Vega A. J., Chapman S. C., Hall A. J. 2001. Genotype by environment interaction and indirect selection for yield in sunflower. I. Two-mode pattern analysis of oil and biomass yield across environments in Argentina. Field Crops Res. 72:17 — 38.
Google Scholar
Dofing M., Knight W. 1992. Alternative model for path analysis of small-grain yield. Crop Sci. 32 487 — 489.
Google Scholar
Donaldson E., Schillinger W. F., Dofing S. M. 2001, Straw production and grain yield relationships in winter wheat. Crop Sci. 41: 100 — 106.
Google Scholar
Duggan B. L., Domitruk D. R., Fowler D. B. 2000. Yield component variation in winter wheat grown under drought stress. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 739 — 745.
Google Scholar
El Madidi S., Diani Z., Aameur F.B. 2005. Variation of agro-morphological characters in Moroccan barley landraces under near optimal and drought conditions. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 52:831 — 838.
Google Scholar
García del Moral L. F., Rharrabti Y., Elhani S., Martos V., Royo C. 2005. Yield formation in Mediterranean durum wheats under two contrasting water regimes based on path-coefficient analysis. Euphytica 146: 203 — 212.
Google Scholar
Garcıa del Moral L.F., Rharrabti Y., Villegas D., Royo C. 2003. Evaluation of grain yield and its components in durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions: an ontogenic approach. Agron. J. 95: 266 — 274.
Google Scholar
Giunta F., Motzo R., Deidda M. 1999. Grain yield analysis of a triticale (X_Triticosecale Wittmack) collection grown in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research 63: 199 — 210.
Google Scholar
Gravois K. A. 1998. Optimizing selection for rough rice yield, head rice, and total milled rice. Euphytica 101: 151 — 156.
Google Scholar
Gravois K. A., McNew R. W. 1993. Genetic relationships among and selection for rice yield and yield components. Crop Sci. 33: 249 — 252.
Google Scholar
Hamblin J., Fisher H.M., Ridings H.I. 1980. The choice of locality for plant breeding when selecting for high yield and general adaptation. Euphytica 29: 161 — 168.
Google Scholar
Kenga R., Tenkouano A., Gupta S. C., Alabi S. O. 2006. Genetic and phenotypic association between yield components in hybrid sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) populations. Euphytica 150: 319 — 326.
Google Scholar
Khanna-Chopra R., Viswanathan C. 1999. Evaluation of heat stress tolerance in irrigated environment of T. aestivum and related species. I. Stability in yield and yield components. Euphytica 106: 169 — 180.
Google Scholar
Kozak M., Kang M. S. 2006. Note on modern path analysis in application to crop science. Commun. Biom. Crop Sci. 1: 32 — 34.
Google Scholar
Kozak M., Mądry W. 2005. Metody statystyczne analizy składowych plonu. Postępy Nauk Rolniczych 1/313: 33 — 45.
Google Scholar
Kozak M., Mądry W. 2006 Note on yield component analysis. Cereal Research Communications 34: 933 — 940.
Google Scholar
Kozak M., Samborski S., Rozbicki J., Mądry W. 2007. Winter triticale grain yield, a comparative study of 15 genotypes. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B- Soil and Plant Science 57: 263 — 270.
Google Scholar
Krajewski P., Kaczmarek Z., Czajka S. 2006. EKSPLAN wersja 2. Planowanie i analiza statystyczna doświadczeń hodowlanych. Instytut Genetyki Roślin PAN, Poznań.
Google Scholar
Laperche A., Brancourt-Hulmel M., Heumez E., Gardet O., Le Gouis J, 2006. Estimation of genetic parameters of a DH wheat population grown at different N stress levels characterized by probe genotypes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 112: 797 — 807.
Google Scholar
Leilah A. A., Al-Khateeb S. A. 2005. Statistical analysis of wheat yield under drought conditions. J. Arid Environ. 61: 483 — 496.
Google Scholar
Mahmood T., Rahman M. H., Stringam G. R., Yeh F., Good A. 2005. Molecular markers for yield components in Brassica juncea — do these assist in breeding for high seed yield? Euphytica 144: 157 — 167.
Google Scholar
Mądry W. 2004. Modele i metody statystyczne analizy interakcji genotypowo-środowiskowej, stabilności i adaptacji genotypów. Post. Nauk Roln. 2/308: 29 — 43.
Google Scholar
Mądry W., Pietrzykowski R., Rozbicki J. 1995. Analiza współczynników ścieżek dla cech rozwijających się w trakcie ontogenezy oraz plonu ziarna pszenżyta ozimego. Roczn. Nauk Roln. Seria A, 111: 9 — 21.
Google Scholar
Mohammadi S. A., Prasanna B. M., Singh N. N. 2003. Sequential path model for determining interrelationships among grain yield and related characters in maize. Crop Sci. 43: 1690 — 1697.
Google Scholar
Moragues M., Garcıa del Moral L. F., Moralejo M., Royo C. 2006. Yield formation strategies of durum wheat landraces with distinct pattern of dispersal within the Mediterranean basin. I. Yield components. Field Crops Res. 95:194 — 205.
Google Scholar
Motzo R., Giunta F., Deidda M. 2001. Factors affecting the genotype × environment interaction in spring triticale grown in a Mediterranean environment. Euphytica 121:317 — 324.
Google Scholar
Noffsinger S.L., Huyghe C., van Santen E. 2000. Analysis of grain-yield components and inflorescence levels in winter-type white lupin. Agron J. 92:1195 — 1202.
Google Scholar
Ober E. S., Clark C. J. A., Le Bloa M., Royal A., Jaggard K. W., Pidgeon J. D. 2004. Assessing the genetic resources to improve drought tolerance in sugar beet: agronomic traits of diverse genotypes under droughted and irrigated conditions. Field Crops Research 90:213–234.
Google Scholar
Oettler G., Tams S. H., Utz H. F., Bauer E., Melchinger A. E. 2005. Prospects for hybrid breeding in winter triticale: I. Heterosis and combining ability for agronomic traits in European elite germplasm. Crop Sci. 45:1476 — 1482.
Google Scholar
Padi F. K. 2004. Relationship between stress tolerance and grain yield stability in cowpea. Journal of Agricultural Science Cambridge 142: 431 — 443.
Google Scholar
Peltonen-Sainio P., Kangas A., Salo Y., Jauhiainen L. 2007. Grain number dominates grain weight in temperate cereal yield determination: Evidence based on 30 years of multi-location trials. Field Crops Res. 100: 179 — 188.
Google Scholar
PN-68/R-74017. 1968. Oznaczanie masy 1000 ziarn. Ziarno zbóż i nasiona strączkowe jadalne.
Google Scholar
Rabiei B., Valizadeh M., Ghareyazie B., Moghaddam M. 2004. Evaluation of selection indices for improving rice grain shape. Field Crops Research 89: 359 — 367.
Google Scholar
Rasmusson D. C. 1987: An evaluation of ideotype breeding. Crop Sci. 27: 1140 — 1146.
Google Scholar
Razi H., Assad M.T.1999. Comparison of selection criteria in normal and limited irrigation in sunflower. Euphytica 105: 83 — 90.
Google Scholar
Reynolds M. P., Condon A. G., Vargas M., Calderini D. 2007. Effects of source/sink traits on yield, biomass and radiation use efficiency of random sister lines from three wheat crosses in a high yield environment. Journal of Agricultural Science 145: 3 — 16.
Google Scholar
Richards R. A., Rebetzke G. J., Condon A. G., van Herwaarden A. F. 2002. Breeding opportunities for increasing the efficiency of water use and crop yield in temperate cereals. Crop Sci. 42:111 — 121.
Google Scholar
Rozbicki J. 1997. Agrotechniczne uwarunkowania wzrostu, rozwoju i plonowania pszenżyta ozimego. Fundacja "Rozwój SGGW".
Google Scholar
Rozbicki J., Mądry W. 1999. Zależność plonu ziarna pszenżyta ozimego od jego składowych na plantacjach produkcyjnych. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych Seria A 114: 109 — 115.
Google Scholar
Samonte P. B., Wilson L.T., McClung A.M. 1998. Path analyses of yield and yield-related traits of fifteen diverse rice genotypes. Crop Sci. 38: 1130 — 1136.
Google Scholar
Samonte PB., Wilson L.T., Tabien R.E. 2006. Maximum node production rate and main culm node number contributions to yield and yield-related traits in rice. Field Crops Research 96: 313 — 19.
Google Scholar
SAS Institute. 2001. SAS system for Windows. v. 8.2. SAS Inst., Cary, NC.
Google Scholar
Shenkut A. A., Brick M. A. 2003. Traits associated with dry edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) productivity under diverse soil moisture environments. Euphytica 133: 339 — 347.
Google Scholar
Simane B., Struik P. C., Nachit M. M., Peacock P. M. 1993. Ontogenetic analysis of yield components and yield stability of durum wheat in water-limited environments. Euphytica 71: 211 — 219.
Google Scholar
Sinebo W. 2002. Yield relationships of barleys grown in a tropical highland environment. Crop Sci.42: 428 — 437.
Google Scholar
Sinebo W., Gretzmacher R., Edelbauer A. 2002. Environment of selection for grain yield in low fertilizer input barley. Field Crops Res. 74: 151 — 162.
Google Scholar
Slafer G. A., Calderini D. F., Miralles D. J. 1996. Yield components and compensation in wheat: opportunities for further increasing yield potential. In: Increasing yield potential in wheat: Breaking the barriers. CIMMYT: Mexico D.F. (Eds Reynolds M.P., Rajaram S., McNab A.): 101 — 133.
Google Scholar
Talbert L. E., Lanning S. P., Murphy R. L., Martin J. M.. 2001. Grain fill duration in twelve hard red spring wheat crosses: Genetic variation and association with other agronomic traits. Crop Sci. 41: 1390 — 1395.
Google Scholar
Ud-Din N., Carver B. F., Clutter A. C. 1992. Genetic analysis and selection for wheat yield in drought-stressed and irrigated environments. Euphytica 62: 89 — 96.
Google Scholar
van Oosterom E. J., Weltzien E., Yadav O. P., Bidinger F. R. 2006. Grain yield components of pearl millet under optimum conditions can be used to identify germplasm with adaptation to arid zones. Field Crops Research 96:407 — 421.
Google Scholar
Villegas D., Garcıa del Moral L. F., Rharrabti Y., Martos V., Royo C. 2007. Morphological traits above the flag leaf node as indicators of drought susceptibility index in durum wheat. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 193: 103 — 116.
Google Scholar
Wu Y. Q., Taliaferro C. M., Martin D. L., Goad C. L., Andersen J. A. 2006. Genetic variability and relationships for seed yield and its components in Chinese Cynodon accessions Field Crops Research 98: 245 — 252.
Google Scholar
Yan W., Hunt L. A. 2001. Interpretation of genotype × environment interaction for winter wheat yield in Ontario. Crop Sci. 41: 19 — 25.
Google Scholar
Yan W., Wallace D. H. 1995. Breeding for negatively associated traits. Plant Breeding Reviews 13: 141 — 177.
Google Scholar
Authors
Dariusz GozdowskiKatedra Biometrii, SGGW, Warszawa Poland
Authors
Jan RozbickiKatedra Agronomii, SGGW, Warszawa Poland
Authors
Mirosław PojmajHodowla Roślin Danko Sp. z o.o., z/s w Choryni, Oddział Laski Poland
Authors
Stanisław SamborskiKatedra Agronomii, SGGW, Warszawa Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 29PDF downloads: 23
License
Copyright (c) 2007 Wiesław Mądry, Dariusz Gozdowski, Jan Rozbicki, Mirosław Pojmaj, Stanisław Samborski
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Upon submitting the article, the Authors grant the Publisher a non-exclusive and free license to use the article for an indefinite period of time throughout the world in the following fields of use:
- Production and reproduction of copies of the article using a specific technique, including printing and digital technology.
- Placing on the market, lending or renting the original or copies of the article.
- Public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the article publicly available in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice.
- Including the article in a collective work.
- Uploading an article in electronic form to electronic platforms or otherwise introducing an article in electronic form to the Internet or other network.
- Dissemination of the article in electronic form on the Internet or other network, in collective work as well as independently.
- Making the article available in an electronic version in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice, in particular via the Internet.
Authors by sending a request for publication:
- They consent to the publication of the article in the journal,
- They agree to give the publication a DOI (Digital Object Identifier),
- They undertake to comply with the publishing house's code of ethics in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), (http://ihar.edu.pl/biblioteka_i_wydawnictwa.php),
- They consent to the articles being made available in electronic form under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license, in open access,
- They agree to send article metadata to commercial and non-commercial journal indexing databases.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Wiesław Mądry, Dariusz Gozdowski, A history of the development of statistical methods for designing and analyzing agricultural experiments in the world and in Poland , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 288 (2020): Regular issue
- Marcin Studnicki, Wiesław Mądry, Tadeusz Śmiałowski, Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity in Polish spring wheat collection , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 252 (2009): Regular issue
- Stefan Stojałowski , Marta Orłowska , Martyna Sobczyk , Anna Bienias , Marcin Berdzik , Beata Myśków , Halina Góral , Magdalena Simlat , Tomasz Warzecha , Wojciech Wesołowski , Marek Szklarczyk , Mirosław Pojmaj , Genetic background of male sterility in triticale with different cytoplasm’s and perspectives of it utilization for development of CMS system in wheat , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 286 (2019): Special issue
- Jakub Paderewski, Wiesław Mądry, Wiesław Pilarczyk, Tadeusz Drzazga, Retrospective study of yield response to environmental conditions in winter wheat cultivars using combined AMMI and cluster analysis to incomplete data: genetic progress for adaptability , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 250 (2008): Regular issue
- Halina Wiśniewska, Tomasz Góral, Piotr Ochodzki, Dorota Walentyn-Góral, Michał Kwiatek, Maciej Majka, Jolanta Belter, Zofia Banaszak, Mirosław Pojmaj, Danuta Kurleto, Marcin Konieczny, Grzegorz Budzianowski, Alicja Cicha, Kazimierz Paizert, Przemysław Matysik, Evaluation of Fusarium head blight resistance types in winter triticale using phenotypic and metabolic markers , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 284 (2018): Regular issue
- Dariusz Gozdowski, Wiesław Mądry, Zdzisław Wyszyński, Analysis of correlation and path coefficients in evaluation of relationships between grain yield and its components of two spring barley cultivars , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 248 (2008): Regular issue
- Wiesław Mądry, Dariusz Gozdowski, Jan Rozbicki, Mirosław Pojmaj, Stanisław Samborski, Grain yield formation strategies in advanced lines of winter triticale grown in different environments , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 244 (2007): Regular issue
- Joanna Ukalska, Krzysztof Ukalski, Tadeusz Śmiałowski, Wiesław Mądry, An examination of diversity and interrelationships among traits in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm collection by multivariate methods. Part II. Principal component analysis using the phenotypic and genotypic correlation matrix , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 249 (2008): Regular issue
- Krzysztof Ukalski, Joanna Ukalska, Tadeusz Śmiałowski, Wiesław Mądry, An examination of diversity and interrelationships among traits in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm collection by multivariate methods. Part I. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 249 (2008): Regular issue
- Dariusz Gozdowski, Daniel Sas, Stanisław Samborski, Andrzej Kapeliński, Evaluation of spatial variability of soil fertility and yielding of winter wheat using R software , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 259 (2011): Regular issue
Similar Articles
- Wojciech Rybiński, Jan Bocianowski, Michał Starzycki, Analysis of variability for quantitative traits and chemical composition of seeds of chosen accessions of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and red pea (Lathyrus cicera L.) with different geographical origins , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 274 (2014): Regular issue
- Tadeusz Łuczkiewicz, Jerzy Nawracała, Jan Bocianowski, Genetic analysis of quantitative traits of F1 generation of spring rape (Brassica napus L.) , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 250 (2008): Regular issue
- Hanna Sulewska, Wiesław Koziara, Jarosław Bojarczuk, Yield and grain quality of selected Triticum durum Desf. genotypes depending on nitrogen fertilization and sowing density , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 245 (2007): Regular issue
- Edward Witkowski, Krystyna Witkowska, Urszula Woźna-Pawlak, Krzysztof Rubrycki, Przemysław Matysik, Maria Bogacka, Helena Bielerzewska, Marcin Konieczny, Małgorzata Łagodzka-Gola, Tadeusz Drzazga, Tadeusz Śmiałowski, Usefulness of frost resistance assessments for prediction of winter hardiness of winter wheat cultivars , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 268 (2013): Regular issue
- Anna Strzembicka, Grzegorz Czajowski, Katarzyna Karska, Characteristics of the winter wheat breeding materials in respect of resistance to leaf rust Puccinia triticina , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 268 (2013): Regular issue
- Magdalena Wiśniewska, Chemical profile of barley grain as an indicator of value in use , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 297/298 (2022): Regular issue
- Tomasz Zbroszczyk, Władysław Nowak, Effect of the protection level and nitrogen fertilization on yielding and chemical composition of the grain of several varieties of fodder spring barley. Part I. Yielding , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 251 (2009): Regular issue
- Małgorzata Wyrzykowska, Jolanta Ziemiańska, Marzena Lisowska, Variability and correlations of some traits in lucerne (Medicago sativa ssp. L.) forms with different length of inflorescence , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 246 (2007): Regular issue
- Anna Woźniak-Strzembicka, Grzegorz Czajowski, The virulence of Puccinia triticina population in Poland in 2002–2007 , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 253 (2009): Regular issue
- Wacław Jarecki, Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro, Influence of different nitrogen doses on yielding of spring wheat , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 265 (2012): Regular issue
<< < 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.