The effects of organic fertilization and of methods of haulm destroying on plant health and tuber yield on seed potato plantations in the 4th degeneration zone
Maria Pytlarz-Kozicka
iaipr@upwr.edu.plKatedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza, Wrocław (Poland)
Abstract
The aim of the investigations was to determine the effect of farmyard manure or aftercrops organic fertilization and of methods of haulm destroying on plant health, yielding and tuber structure in two potato varieties. The three-factor split-plot experiments were carried out in 2000–2002 at the Plant Experimental Station in Pawłowice near Wrocław. Virus infection of potato plants increased in the successive years of reproduction. This resulted both from genetic traits of potato varieties and weather conditions that were favourable for aphid incursion onto crops. In the third year of reproduction (2002) the proportion of plants infected with viruses (PVY, PLRV and PVM) ranged from 60.6% when haulm was destroyed by chemical treatment up to 72% when haulm withered naturally. Earlier destroying of potato haulm mechanically or with Reglone reduced the incidence of infection. Genetic traits of the investigated varieties had a considerable effect on the total tuber yield, commercial tuber yield and seed potato yield as well as on percentage share of the latter two yields in the total yield. In contrast, neither earlier destroying of haulm nor a type of organic fertilization did affect tuber yield or its structure, although earlier haulm destroying resulted in the tendency to lower the total yield, and to increase the seed potato yield. Variety Balbina compared to var. Mila was characterized by considerably higher total tuber yield and commercial tuber yield, and by the greater share of the latter in the total yield. Moreover, it produced tubers of the greater average weight. In turn, the yield of seed potato produced by var. Mila, and its share in the total yield, exceeded those obtained with var. Balbina.
Keywords:
disease resistance, haulm destroying, organic fertilization, seed potatoes, varieties, virus infectionReferences
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Authors
Maria Pytlarz-Kozickaiaipr@upwr.edu.pl
Katedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza, Wrocław Poland
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