Adjuvants in seed potato protection against PVY and PVM infection
Sławomir Wróbel
s.wrobel@ihar.edu.plInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin — Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Radzikowie, Zakład Nasiennictwa i Ochrony Ziemniaka w Boninie (Poland)
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted in 2005-2007. We evaluated two adjuvants: Ikar 95 EC (95% mineral oil SAE 10/95) and 84 Olemix EC (84% mineral oil DSA). Mineral oil Sunspray EC 850 (98.8% mineral oil + 1.2% emulsifier) was used as a standard. Effects of oils on PVY and PVM infections were evaluated on two potato cultivars: Rosalind — early cultivar (resistance to PVY — 5.5; PVM — 3.5 on a scale 1–9, which 1 means lack of resistance and 9 - extreme resistance) and Clarissa — medium early variety (resistance to PVY — 4.5; PVM — 3). In order to increase the infection pressure, potato plants secondarily infected by PVY and PVM were planted around the plots. Oils were applied at concentrations of 2% and 4%, with 8 to 9 treatments yearly performed in the 7-day intervals. The adjuvant Olemix 84 EC has shown the greatest efficacy in reducing PVY and PVM infection (proportion of infected tubers lower than 65%) under diverse and often very high infection pressure in the years of research. A little lower efficacy was noticed for the oil Sunspray 850 EC (proportion of infected tubers lower than 56%) and Ikar 95 EC (proportion of infected tubers lower than 50%). Application of 2% concentration of oil has been beneficial not only for economical reasons but also because the effectiveness of protection against PVY was equal or slightly better than at the higher concentration of 4%. Intensive protection using oil Olemix 84 EC and Ikar 95 EC in certain years and on certain varieties of potato caused minor symptoms of phytotoxicity on the plants closely resembling the primary PVY infection (fat necrosis of the underside of the leaf) and slight decreases in yield (up to 8%).
Keywords:
PVM, PVY, adjuvants, seed potato, mineral oilReferences
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Authors
Sławomir Wróbels.wrobel@ihar.edu.pl
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin — Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Radzikowie, Zakład Nasiennictwa i Ochrony Ziemniaka w Boninie Poland
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