Variation of legume seed’s chemical composition and resistance to mechanical damage
Wojciech Rybiński
office@igr.poznan.plInstytut Genetyki Roślin PAN w Poznaniu (Poland)
Michał Starzycki
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział w Poznaniu (Poland)
Robert Rusinek
Instytut Agrofizyki PAN w Lublinie (Poland)
Jan Bocianowski
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu (Poland)
Bogusław Szot
Instytut Agrofizyki PAN w Lublinie (Poland)
Abstract
The attempt was made at estimation of intra-species variation of cultivars of legumes for resistance of seeds to mechanical damage taking into account their chemical composition. The research material comprised Polish cultivars and lines representing four lupine species as well as pea and grasspea. The air-dry seeds of cultivars and breeding lines were harvested from the experimental field in breeding station Przebędowo in the same year. Growing of plants in the same locality and similar soil-conditions allowed comparison of the results obtained from cultivars and breeding lines. The collected seeds were analyzed for their physical properties. The first stage included determination of seed thickness and the next resistance of individual seeds to static loading expressed as the value of maximum force (N), maximum deformation (mm), the modulus of elasticity (MPa) and energy (J). Additionally, protein and fat contents as well as the composition of fatty acids were estimated in the harvested seeds. Obtained results were analyzed with use of multivariate statistic method. Knowledge of physical parameter of seeds is particularly important for optimization of technologies of harvesting, drying and storage, which is related to minimization of quantitative and qualitative losses and mechanical damage. Obtained results showed, that analyzed seeds of cultivars and lines differed greatly in spectrum of seed thickness and reaction to the mechanical loads. It allowed to distinguish cultivars and lines with increased resistance of seeds to mechanical loads expressed among others by maximum force that caused seed structure destruction. Additionally, analyzed seeds of cultivars and lines showed a broad range of variation in chemical composition. The highest protein content was established in seeds representing traditional and epigonal forms of Andean lupine (44.2 and 41.3% respectively). The protein level above 40% were also established in seeds of yellow lupine represented by cv. Lord and two lines: R 1017/03 and R 851/03. The seeds of all forms of Andean lupine were the richest in fat content with highest value in seeds of determinate form (15.5%). Lowest content was established in seeds of pea and grasspea. Specific fatty acids composition in seeds of cultivars depended on the species.
Keywords:
cultivars and lines, chemical composition of seeds, grain legumes, mechanical loads of seeds, quantitative traitsReferences
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Authors
Michał StarzyckiInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział w Poznaniu Poland
Authors
Robert RusinekInstytut Agrofizyki PAN w Lublinie Poland
Authors
Jan BocianowskiUniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu Poland
Authors
Bogusław SzotInstytut Agrofizyki PAN w Lublinie Poland
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