Molecular background of maize domestication
Alicja Sobkowiak
a.sobkowiak@ihar.edu.plZakład Biochemii i Fizjologii Roślin, IHAR — PIB, Radzików (Poland)
Jarosław Szczepanik
Zakład Ekofizjologii Molekularnej Roślin, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa (Poland)
Paweł Sowiński
Zakład Ekofizjologii Molekularnej Roślin, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa (Poland)
Abstract
Artificial selection during maize domestication was based mostly on selection of certain phenotypes. That resulted in creating populations differing in many aspects from teosinte — the wild progenitor of modern maize. Similar changes took place during breeding phase, when exploitation of natural variation of local landraces gave rise to several inbred lines bearing the desired features. The questions of maize origin and the sources of its variability were addressed by several authors. In accordance with the current paradigm, maize was domesticated only once, in southwestern Mexico, in the valley of Balsas river, about 9000 BP. During the last decade several genes associated with domestication were identified (tb1, Barren stalk1, tga1, ramosa2). It was shown that all four genes encode transcription factors. This article shows current understanding of unique features of maize genome. This uniqueness is discussed in the context of domestication and breeding processes of Zea mays.
Keywords:
breeding, maze, genome, artificial selection, domestication, genetic variabilityReferences
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Authors
Alicja Sobkowiaka.sobkowiak@ihar.edu.pl
Zakład Biochemii i Fizjologii Roślin, IHAR — PIB, Radzików Poland
Authors
Jarosław SzczepanikZakład Ekofizjologii Molekularnej Roślin, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa Poland
Authors
Paweł SowińskiZakład Ekofizjologii Molekularnej Roślin, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa Poland
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