Identification of the Vrn genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars from the Polish register
Michał Nowak
michal.nowak@up.lubli.plInstytut Genetyki, Hodowli i Biotechnologii Roślin, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie (Poland)
Abstract
Length of the barley vernalization period is determined by 3 loci: VRN-H1, VRN-H2 and VRN-H3. The dominant Vrn-H1 and Vrn-H3 alleles are characteristic for spring growth habit. In winter cultivars the dominant Vrn-H2 and recessive vrn-H1 and vrn-H3 alleles are present. In this paper the Vrn-H1 and Vrn-H2 genes were identified by means of STS-PCR markers in 41 spring and 11 winter barley cultivars from the Polish register. The primer pair: HvBM5A-intron1-F3 and Intr1/H/R3 was used for identification of the Vrn-H1 gene, and the pair: VRN-Ha-F and VRN-Ha-R for the Vrn-H2 gene. The recessive vrn-H1 allele was observed in all examined winter barley cultivars and in none of examined spring cultivars. The presence of dominant Vrn-H2 allele was stated in all examined winter cultivars and in 10 spring cultivars: Boss, Bryl, Edgar, Prosa, Rabel, Rastik, Rataj, Refren, Rodos and Scarlett. In the spring cultivars Scarlett and Stratus non-specific amplification products were observed. Their presence could be attributed to occurrence of new allelic forms of the Vrn-H2 gene or from a rearrangement in genomes of these cultivars.
Keywords:
STS-PCR, barley, vernalization, Vrn genesReferences
Amasino R. 2004. Vernalization, competence, and the epigenetic memory of winter. Plant Cell 16: 2553 — 2559.
Google Scholar
Chouard P. 1960. Vernalization and its relations to dormancy. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 11: 191 — 238.
Google Scholar
Cockram J., Chiapparino E., Taylor S. A., Stamati K., Donini P., Laurie D. A. OSullivan D. M. 2007. Haplotype analysis of vernalization loci in European barley germplasm reveals novel VRN-H1 alleles and a predominant winter VRN-H1/VRN-H2 multi-locus haplotype. Theor. Appl. Genet. 115: 993 — 1001.
Google Scholar
Doyle J. J., Doyle J. L. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin 19: 11 — 15.
Google Scholar
Dubcovsky J., Chen Ch., Yan L. 2005. Molecular characterization of the allelic variation at the VRN-H2 vernalization locus in barley. Mol. Breed. 15: 395 — 407.
Google Scholar
Flood R. G., Halloran G. M. 1984. The nature and duration of gene action for vernalization response in wheat. Ann. Bot. 53: 363 — 368.
Google Scholar
Fu D., Szűcs P., Yan L., Helguera M., Skinner J. S., von Zitzewitz J., Hayes P. M., Dubcovsky J. 2005. Large deletions within the first intron in VRN-1 are associated with spring growth habit in barley and wheat. Mol. Gen. Genomics 273: 54 — 65.
Google Scholar
Karsai I., Szűcs P., Mészáros K., Filichkina T., Hayes P. M., Skinner J. S., Láng L., Bedő Z. 2005. The Vrn-H2 locus is a major determinant of flowering time in a facultative × winter growth habit barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mapping population. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110: 1458 — 1466.
Google Scholar
Karsai I. 2008. Effect of low light intensity on the VRN-H1 and VRN-H2 vernalization response loci in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Acta Agronomica Hungarica 56(1): 1 — 10.
Google Scholar
Karsai I., Szűcs P., Kőszegi B., Hayes P. M., Casas A., Bedő Z., Veisz O. 2008. Effects of photo and thermo cycles on flowering time in barley: a genetical phenomics approach. J. Exp. Bot. 59 (10): 2707 — 2715.
Google Scholar
Kóti K., Karsai I., Szűcs P., Horváth Cs., Mészáros K., Kiss G. B., Bedő Z., Hayes P. M. 2006. Validation of the two — gene epistatic model for vernalization response in a winter × spring barley cross. Euphytica 152: 17 — 24.
Google Scholar
Szűcs P., Skinner J. S., Karsai I., Cuesta-Marcos A., Haggard K. G., Corey A. E., Chen T. H. H., Hayes P. M. 2007. Validation of the VRN-H2/VRN-H1 epistatic model in barley reveals that intron length variation in VRN-H1 may account for a continuum of vernalization sensitivity. Mol. Genet. Genomics 277:249 — 261.
Google Scholar
von Zitzewitz J., Szücs P., Dubcovsky J., Yan L., Francia E., Pecchioni N., Casas A., Chen T. H. H., Hayes P. M., Skinner J. S. 2005. Molecular and structural characterization of barley vernalization genes. Plant Mol. Biol. 59: 449 — 467.
Google Scholar
Yan L., Fu D., Blechl A., Tranquilli G., Bonafede M., Sanchez A., Valarik M., Yasuda S., Dubcovsky J. 2006. The wheat and barley vernalization gene VRN3 is an orthologue of FT. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (51): 19581 — 19586.
Google Scholar
Yasuda S., Hayashi J., Moriya I. 1993. Genetic constitution for spring growth habit and some other characters in barley cultivars in the Mediterranean coastal region. Euphytica 70: 77 — 83.
Google Scholar
Authors
Michał Nowakmichal.nowak@up.lubli.pl
Instytut Genetyki, Hodowli i Biotechnologii Roślin, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 40PDF downloads: 22
License
Copyright (c) 2009 Michał Nowak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Upon submitting the article, the Authors grant the Publisher a non-exclusive and free license to use the article for an indefinite period of time throughout the world in the following fields of use:
- Production and reproduction of copies of the article using a specific technique, including printing and digital technology.
- Placing on the market, lending or renting the original or copies of the article.
- Public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the article publicly available in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice.
- Including the article in a collective work.
- Uploading an article in electronic form to electronic platforms or otherwise introducing an article in electronic form to the Internet or other network.
- Dissemination of the article in electronic form on the Internet or other network, in collective work as well as independently.
- Making the article available in an electronic version in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice, in particular via the Internet.
Authors by sending a request for publication:
- They consent to the publication of the article in the journal,
- They agree to give the publication a DOI (Digital Object Identifier),
- They undertake to comply with the publishing house's code of ethics in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), (http://ihar.edu.pl/biblioteka_i_wydawnictwa.php),
- They consent to the articles being made available in electronic form under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license, in open access,
- They agree to send article metadata to commercial and non-commercial journal indexing databases.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Justyna Leśniowska-Nowak, Michał Nowak, Magdalena Sozoniuk , Development of new genetic sources of triticale based on wide crosses , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 286 (2019): Special issue
- Michał Nowak , Piotr T. Bednarek, Justyna Leśniowska-Nowak , Magdalena Sozoniuk , Karolina Dudziak , Magdalena Kawęcka , Karolina Różaniecka , Identification of genome regions and DNA markers associated with heterosis in hexaploid winter triticale , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 286 (2019): Special issue
