Effect of natural methods of treatments on seed health in cereals originated from ecological seed plantations
Barbara Wiewióra
b.wiewiora@ihar.edu.plZakład Nasiennictwa i Nasionoznawstwa, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików (Poland)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of non—chemical treatment on seed health of spring cereals produced under organic system in 2004, 2005 and 2006 year and classified by the authorized inspector. Seed health of four cultivars of barley (Rataj, Atol, Rodos and Stratus), four cultivars of wheat (Torka, Koksa, Korynta and Nawra) and four cultivars of oat (Polar, Chwat, Sławko and Szakal) was tested. Five experimental combinations: seeds untreated (C), seeds treated with hot water (W), or with water suspension of garlic, seeds soaked for 24 hours in 10% solution of bicarbonate natrium (S) and seeds coated with milk powder (M) were applied. Contamination of the seeds with numerous species of fungi was found. Among them, the saprophytic fungi: Alternaria alternata, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium herbarum, Papularia arundinis, Penicillium spp. and the pathogens: Fusarium spp. and Bipolaris sorokiniana were most often observed. The study showed that treatment of seeds with hot water and soaking in bicarbonate natrium reduced seed contamination with pathogens (Fusarium spp.).
Keywords:
barley, natural seeds treatment, oat, organic farming, seed health, wheatReferences
Agarwal V. K., Sinclair J. B. 1997. Principles of seed pathology. Second edition CRC Press Inc., Lewis.
Google Scholar
Arseniuk E. 2000. Studies on seedborne inoculum of cereal pathogens – a review. International Seed Health Conference PTFiT, Seed Health as Quality Criterion; Radzików, 9–11 October 2000: 17.
Google Scholar
Barnett H. L. 1960. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. Burgess Pub. Company. Minneapolis: 1 —225.
Google Scholar
Bailey K. L., Duczek L. J., Potts D. A. 1997. Inoculation of seeds with Bipolaris sorokiniana and soil fumigation methods to determine wheat and barley tolerance and yield losses caused by common root rot. Can. J. of Pl. Sci. Vol. 77, No. 4: 691 —698.
Google Scholar
Baturo—Czajkowska A. 2000. Composition on spring barley seeds in ecological and conventional farm. International Seed Health Conference PTFiT, Seed Health as Quality Criterion; Radzików, 9–11 October 2000: 33.
Google Scholar
Baturo A. 2002. Head healthiness and fungus composition of spring barley harvested grain cultivated under organic, integrated and convention farming systems. Phytopathol. Pol. 26: 73 —83.
Google Scholar
Baturo A., Łukanowski A. 2001. Leaf Health Status of Spring Barley Cultivated in Organic and Conventional Farms. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Science, Biological Science vol. 49 No. 4: 309 —316.
Google Scholar
Baturo A., Łukanowski A., Kuś J. 2004. Comparison of health status of winter wheat and spring barley grain cultivated in organic, integrated and conventional systems and monoculture. First World Conference on Organic Seed: “Challenges and Opportunities for Organic Agriculture and the Seed Industry”. July 5 —7, 2004; FAO Headquarters, Rome: 128 —132.
Google Scholar
Campbell R. 1989. Biological control of microbial plant pathogens. Cambridge University Press: 1 —218.
Google Scholar
Chidambaram S. B., Matur S. B., Neergaard P. 1972. Handbook on seed health testing. The Internat. Seed Testing Association As—NLH. Norway: 1 —207.
Google Scholar
Duczek L.J., Jones—Flory L.L. 1994. Relationship between common root rot, tillering and yield loss in spring wheat and barley. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 15: 153 —158.
Google Scholar
Dziennik Ustaw RP. 2003. Nr 137 poz. 1299. Ustawa z dnia 26 czerwca 2003 r. o nasiennictwie.
Google Scholar
Dziennik Ustaw RP. 2004. Nr 93 poz. 898. Ustawa z dnia 20 kwietnia 2004 r. o rolnictwie ekologicznym.
Google Scholar
Dziennik Ustaw RP. 2007. Nr 191 poz. 1362. Ustawa z dnia 5 września 2007 r. o zmianie ustawy o nasiennictwie.
Google Scholar
Ellis M. B. 1971. „Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes“. Commonwealth Mycological Institute. Kew, Surrey, England.
Google Scholar
Gerhardson G., Hokeberg M., Johnsson L. 1998. Disease control by a formulation of a living bacterium. The 1998 Brighton Conference – Pest and Diseases 3: 901 — 906.
Google Scholar
Góral T., Foremska E., Chełkowski J., Arseniuk E. 1995. Charakterystyka odmian pszenżyta, pszenicy i żyta pod względem odporności i tolerancji na porażenie kłosa przez Fusarium spp. Biul. IHAR 195/196: 251 —259.
Google Scholar
Grey W. E., Mathre D. E. 1984. Reaction of spring barleys to common root rot and its effect on yield components. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 64: 245 —253.
Google Scholar
Groot S .P. C., Oosterveld P., van den Wolf J. W. M., Jalink H., Langerak C. J., van den Bulk R. W. 2004. The role of ISTA and seed science in assuring organic farmers with high quality seeds. First World Conference on Organic Seed: “Challenges and Opportunities for Organic Agriculture and the Seed Industry”. July 5 —7, 2004; FAO Headquarters, Rome: 9 —11.
Google Scholar
Harman G.E., Nelson E.B. 1994. Mechanisms of protection of seed and seedlings by biological seed treatments: implications for practical disease control. BCPC Monograph (57) seed treatment: progress and prospects: 283 —292.
Google Scholar
Koczowska I., Jelińska E. 1983. Wpływ porażenia kłosów żyta przez grzyby z rodzaju Fusarium na plon ziarna. Biul. IHAR 150: 21 —26.
Google Scholar
Kolasińska K. 2008. Wpływ naturalnych metod zaprawiania na zdolność kiełkowania i wigor ziarniaków zbóż jarych wyprodukowanych na ekologicznych plantacjach nasiennych. Biul. IHAR 247: 15 —30.
Google Scholar
Kwaśna H., Chełkowski J., Zajkowski P. 1991. Flora Polska T. XXII. Grzyby niedoskonałe. Strzępczakowe. Gruzełkowate. Sierpik (Fusarium) PAN Warszawa—Kraków: 1 —158.
Google Scholar
Liljeroth E., Bryngelsson T. 2002. Seed treatment of barley with Idriella bolleyi causes systemically enhanced against root and leaf infection by Bipolaris sorokiniana. Biocontrol Science and Technology Vol. 12, No. 2: 235 —249.
Google Scholar
Lisowicz F. 1999. The occurrence of cereal crop diseases depending on the system of farming. J. Plant Protection Res. vol. 39 No. 2: 116 —131.
Google Scholar
Łacicowa B. 1982. Zaprawianie fungicydami systemicznymi ziarna jęczmienia jarego porażonego przez Helminthosporium sorokinianum Sacc. Ochrona Roślin 6: 6 — 9.
Google Scholar
Łacicowa B. 1990. Mikoflora ziarna jęczmienia jarego (Hordeum vulgare L.) wzrastającego w warunkach zagrożenia chorobowego przez Drechslera sorokiniana (Sacc.) Subram. et Jain. (=Helminthosporium sativum P. K. et B.). Rocz. Nauk Rol. s. E, T. 20, Z. 1/2: 17 —23.
Google Scholar
Malone J. P., Muskett A. E. 1997. Seed—borne fungi. Description of 77 fungus species. 3rd Edition. Sheppard J. W. (ed.). ISTA, Zurich: 1 —191.
Google Scholar
Narkiewicz—Jodko M. 1979. Wpływ wilgotności na zdolność kiełkowania i mikoflorę ziarna zbóż przechowywanego bez wymiany powietrza oraz w atmosferze dwutlenku węgla. Biul. IHAR 135: 133 —141.
Google Scholar
Osman A., Groot S., Köhl J., Kamp L., Bremer E. 2004. The role of ISTA and seed science in assuring organic farmers with high quality seeds. First World Conference on Organic Seed: “Challenges and Opportunities for Organic Agriculture and the Seed Industry”. July 5 —7, 2004; FAO Headquarters, Rome: 133 —137.
Google Scholar
Richardson M.J. 1990. An annotated list of seed—borne diseases. Fourth Edition. Published by ISTA, Zürich, Switzerland.
Google Scholar
Sołtysiak U. 1994. Rolnictwo ekologiczne w praktyce. Ekoland, Warszawa.
Google Scholar
Stack R.W. 1991. Yield losses in barley to common root rot in North Dakota. Proc. Int. Conf. On Common Root Rot. Saskatoon, Sask.
Google Scholar
Tylkowska K. 1996. Zagadnienia zdrowotności nasion w świetle obrad XXIV Kongresu ISTA. Biul. Branż. Hod. Rośl. i Nasien. 2: 37 —39.
Google Scholar
Wiewióra B. 2003. Zdrowotność i inne cechy wartości siewnej ziarna oraz plon jęczmienia jarego w zależności od zastosowanej zaprawy nasiennej. Część I. Wpływ zapraw nasiennych na grzyby zasiedlające ziarno jęczmienia jarego, jego zdolność kiełkowania oraz wigor. Biul. IHAR 228: 81 —87.
Google Scholar
Wiewióra B. 2007. Health of naked and husked grain of spring barley after harvest and storage. Phytopathol. Pol. 43: 37 —52.
Google Scholar
Authors
Barbara Wiewiórab.wiewiora@ihar.edu.pl
Zakład Nasiennictwa i Nasionoznawstwa, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 54PDF downloads: 27
License
Copyright (c) 2009 Barbara Wiewióra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Upon submitting the article, the Authors grant the Publisher a non-exclusive and free license to use the article for an indefinite period of time throughout the world in the following fields of use:
- Production and reproduction of copies of the article using a specific technique, including printing and digital technology.
- Placing on the market, lending or renting the original or copies of the article.
- Public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the article publicly available in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice.
- Including the article in a collective work.
- Uploading an article in electronic form to electronic platforms or otherwise introducing an article in electronic form to the Internet or other network.
- Dissemination of the article in electronic form on the Internet or other network, in collective work as well as independently.
- Making the article available in an electronic version in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice, in particular via the Internet.
Authors by sending a request for publication:
- They consent to the publication of the article in the journal,
- They agree to give the publication a DOI (Digital Object Identifier),
- They undertake to comply with the publishing house's code of ethics in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), (http://ihar.edu.pl/biblioteka_i_wydawnictwa.php),
- They consent to the articles being made available in electronic form under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license, in open access,
- They agree to send article metadata to commercial and non-commercial journal indexing databases.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Barbara Wiewióra, Sowing value, health status and chemical composition of spring barley grain stored in diverse conditions , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 242 (2006): Special issue
- Barbara Wiewióra, Maria Prończuk, Comparison of aniline blue staining and immunoblotting methods for detecting endophytic fungi in grass seeds , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 242 (2006): Special issue
- Barbara Wiewióra, Maria Prończuk, Anna Ostrowska, The infestation of seed of grasses by endophytes in successive years of harvesting , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 242 (2006): Special issue
