Agronomic value of European cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in the Polish conditions
Elżbieta Czembor
e.czembor@ihar.edu.plInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin w Radzikowie (Poland)
Abstract
Investigations were performed in the years 2004–2006 on thirty tree perennial ryegrass cultivars included into the “EUCARPIA multisite rust evaluation” (19 diploid and 14 tetraploid). Morphological and physiological character connected with agronomic value of the cultivars, with special emphasis on crown rust, stem rust and snow mould resistance, were described. It was possible to observe differences in the stem rust and crown rust resistance scored before 2nd cut, crown rust resistance before 3rd cut in 2004, snow mould resistance in 2005 and 2006 and in the morphology and physiology during fall and early spring (plant performance before winter, performance after winter and ability to rapid regrowth after winter). Additionally, in the vegetative stage, leaf width, plant height and estimated green mass production were described. In the generative stage differences were observed in the time of maturity, morphology of spike and flag leaf and in plant height. Using the factor analysis method, it was possible to divide 25 variables, which showed significant differences between the tested cultivars, into 8 principal components and to determine relationships between them. The obtained results showed negative influence of the stem rust and crown rust on estimated green mass production in the 2 and the 3 cut. It was possible to find positive correlations between fall performance of tested plants, their snow mould resistance, regeneration after winter and significant influence of those characters on the agronomic value of the tested cultivars in the generative stage. Snow mould resistance, regeneration after winter and agronomic value in the generative stage of the diploid cultivars was lower than in the group of tetraploid cultivars. Three tetraploid cultivars are especially promising Lacerta, Aubisque and Pastoral, which showed high agronomic value in field-cutting and seed production management.
Keywords:
agronomic value, crown rust, field-cutting management, green mass production, perennial ryegrass, regeneration after winter, seed production management, snow mould, stem rustReferences
Adamko B., Thorogood D., Clifford B. C. 1997. Plant reaction types to crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda) in meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.) perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Lolium perenne L. introgression lines. International Turfgrass Society Research Journal 8: 823 — 831.
Google Scholar
Anonim. 2007. Lista Opisowa Odmian. COBORU, Słupia Wielka: 1 — 145.
Google Scholar
Balasko J. A., Evers G. W., Duell R. W. 1995. Bluegrasses, ryegrasses and bentagrasses. In: Barnes R. F., Miller D. A., Nelson C. J. (eds.), Forages Vol. 1. An introduction to grassland agriculture. 5th ed. Iowa Stat Univ. Press. Ames, IA, USA: 357 — 372.
Google Scholar
Boller B., Schubiger F. X., Streckeisen P. 2002. The EUCARPIA multisite rust evaluation — results 2001. Vortr. Pflanzenüchtg. 59: 198 — 207.
Google Scholar
Burpee L. L. 1993. Integrated control of turfgrass diseases: research and reality. In: Carrow R.N., Chrisstians N.E., Shearman R.C. (ed.), International Turfgrass Society Research Journal 7, Intertec Publishing Corp., Overland Park, Kansas: 80 — 86.
Google Scholar
Cagas B. 1996. Serious diseases and pests of grass seed crops in the Czech Republic. In: The 2nd International Conference of Harmful and Beneficial Microorganisms in Grassland, Pastures and Turf. Krohn K., Paul V.H. (eds.), IOBC wprs Bull., Bull. OILB Srop, vol 19(7): 2 — 3.
Google Scholar
Cagas B. 2000. Harmful and beneficial microorganisms in grasses. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of Harmful and Beneficial Microorganisms in Grassland, Pastures and Turf. Paderborn, Germany, 2000. 7 — 16.
Google Scholar
Cappelli C., Marte M., Paul V. 1993. Preliminary investigations on the rusts of perennial reygrass in Central Italy. J. Phytopathol. 139: 187 — 190.
Google Scholar
Clarke R.G., Villalta O.N., Hepworth G. 1997. Evaluation of resistance of five isolates of Puccinia coronata f.sp. lolii on 19 perennial ryegrass cultivars. Austr. J. of Agric. Res. 48: 191 — 198.
Google Scholar
Dracatos P. M., Dumsday J. L., Olle R.S., Cogan N. O. I., Dobrowolski M. P., Fujimori M., Roderick H. W., Stewart A. V., Smith K. F., Forster J. W. 2006. Development and characterization of EST — SSR markers for the crown rust pathogen of ryegrass (Puccinia coronata f. sp. lolii). Genome 49 (6): 572 — 583.
Google Scholar
Eangqvist L. G., Jönsson H.A. 2000. Recurrent selection for crown rust resistance and estimation of its heritability in meadow fescue. In: Proc. of the 23rd Meeting of the Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section of EUCARPIA, “Breeding for stress tolerance in fodder crops and amenity grasses”, Monjardino P., da Camara Machado A., Carnide V. (ed.), Azores, Portugal, October 1-4, 2000. 108 — 111.
Google Scholar
Eshed N., Dinnor A. 1980. Genetics and pathogenicity in Puccinia coronata: pathogenic specialization at the host genus level. Phytopathol. 70: 1042 — 1046.
Google Scholar
Feuerstein U. 2000. Demands to grassland varieties – now and in future. In: The 3rd International Conference on Harmful and Beneficial Microorganisms in Grassland, Pastures and Turf. Paul V.H., Dapprich P.D. (ed.), Soest, Germany, September 26, 2000.
Google Scholar
Foss J. G. 1983. Resistance to winter stress factors of varieties of red canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) as related to hardening conditions and to carbohydrate store and consumption. Meld. Norg. LandbrHógsk 62: 1 — 29.
Google Scholar
Hayward M. D. 1977. Genetic control of resistance to crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda) in Lolium perenne. Resistenzforschung und Resistenzüchtung in Kulturpfanzen, Votr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 46: 177 — 180.
Google Scholar
Hides D. H., Wilkins P. W. 1978. Selection for resistance to ryegrass mosaic virus and crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda) in Italian ryegrass populations. Journal of the British Grassland Society 33: 253 — 260.
Google Scholar
Humphreys M., Abberton M., Cook R., Turner L., Roderick H., Thorogood D. 2000. Molecular breeding in pasture species and its application to improving pest and disease resistance. In: The 3th International Conference on Harmful and Beneficial Microorganisms in Grassland, Pastures and Turf. Paul V.H and Dapprich P. D. (eds.), Germany. 77 — 86.
Google Scholar
Jamalainen E. A. 1974. Resistance in winter cereals and grasses to low-temperature parasiting fungi. Annual Rev. of Phytopathol. 12: 281 — 302.
Google Scholar
Jönsson H. A., Engqvist L. G. 1998. Recurrent selection for crown rust resistance in tetraploid perennial ryegrass. In: Proc. XV EUCARPIA 1998 General Congress, Sept., 20 — 25, 1998 Viterbo, Italy.
Google Scholar
Jung G. A., van Wijk A. J. P., Hunt W. F., Watson C. E. 1996. Ryegrasses. In: Cool-season forage grasses. Moser L. E. (ed.). Agronomy Monograph 34: 605 — 641.
Google Scholar
Kimbeng C. A. 1999. Genetic basis of crown rust resistance in perennial ryegrass, breeding strategies, and genetic variation among populations: a review. Austr. J. Exp. Agricul. 39: 361 — 378.
Google Scholar
Kopec D. M., Funk C. R., Halisky P. M. 1983. Sources and distribution of resistance to crown rust within perennial ryegrass. Plant Dis. 67: 98 — 100.
Google Scholar
Kozłowski S. 1981. Węglowodany strukturalne w trawach. Zesz. Prob. Post. Nauk Roln. 241: 189 — 199.
Google Scholar
Larsen A., Ǻrswoll K. 1984. The impact of biotic and abiotic and physical overwintering factors on grassland production, and their relations to climate, soil properties and management. In: Proc. 10th Gen. Meeting Europ. Grassld. Red. As.: 1 — 20.
Google Scholar
Lellbach H., Wehling P. 2000. Genetic Analysis of crown rust resistance in Lolium perenne. In: Proc. of the 23rd Meeting of the Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section of EUCARPIA, “Breeding for stress Tolerance in fodder crops and amenity grasses”, Monjardino P, da Camara Machado A., Carnide V. (ed.), Azores, Portugal, October 1–4, 2000: 108 — 111.
Google Scholar
Lowe K. F., Bowdler T. M., Ostrowski H., Stilman S. L. 1983. Comparison of the yield, nitrogen and phosphorus content, and rust infection (Puccinia coronata) of irrigated ryegrass swards in south-eastern Queensland. Australasian Journal of Experimental and Animal Husbandry 23: 294 — 301.
Google Scholar
Meyer W.A. 1982. Breeding disease-resistant cool-season turfgrass cultivars for the United States. Plant Dis. 66: 341 — 344.
Google Scholar
Muylle H., Bockstaele van E., Roland-Ruiz I. 2002. Genetic dissection of crown rust resistance in a Lolium perenne mapping population. In: Abstracts of EUCARPIA Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section 24th Meeting, “Grass for Food and Grass for Leisure”, September 22 – 26 2002, FAL Braunschweig, Germany, 46.
Google Scholar
Mühle E., Frauenstein K., Schumann K., Wetzel T. 1975. Choroby i szkodniki traw pastewnych. PWRiL Warszawa: 1 — 412.
Google Scholar
Paul V.H., Dapprich P. 1997. Resistance breeding and environmental friendly alternative of disease control in forage crops. In: Ecological aspects of breeding fodder crops and amenity grasses. Z. Staszewski et al. (eds.), IHAR Radzikow, Poland: 19 — 28.
Google Scholar
Pflender W. F. 2003. Role of phenology in host susceptibility and within — plant spread of stem rust during reproductive development of perennial ryegrass. Phytopathol. 94: 308 — 316.
Google Scholar
Pflendr W. F. 2004. Effect of autumn planting date and stand age on severity of stem rust in seed crops of perennial ryegrass. Plant Dis. 88: 1017 — 1020.
Google Scholar
Plummer R. M., Hall R. L., Watt T. A. 1990. The influence of crown rust (Puccinia coronata) on tiller production and survival of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) plants in simulated swards. Grass and Forage Science 45: 9 — 16.
Google Scholar
Plummer R. M., Hall R. L., Watt T. A. 1992. Effect of leaf age and nitrogen fertilization on sporulation of crown rust (Puccinia coronata var. loli) on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Annals of Applied Biology 121: 51 — 56.
Google Scholar
Posselt U. K. 1994. Genetic aspects of crown rust resistance in the ryegrasses. IOBC/WPRS Bull. 17: 229 — 235.
Google Scholar
Potter L.R. 1987. Effect of crown rust on regrowth competitive ability and nutritional quality of perennial and italian ryegrasses. Plant Pathol. 36: 455 — 461.
Google Scholar
Potter L. R., Cagas B., Paul V. H., Brickenstaedt E. 1990. Pathogenicity of some European collection of crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda) on cultivars of perennial ryegrass. J. Phytopathol. 130: 119 — 126.
Google Scholar
Prończuk M. 2000. Choroby traw – występowanie I szkodliwość w uprawie na nasiona i w użytkowaniu trawnikowym. Monografie i Rozprawy Naukowe IHAR, Nr 4: 1 — 183.
Google Scholar
Prończuk M., Prończuk S., Góral S. 1984. Wpływ chorób fuzaryjnych na trwałość Lolium perenne. Biul IHAR 155: 187 — 192.
Google Scholar
Reheul D., Gesquire A. 1996. Breeding perennial ryegrass with a better crown rust resistance. IOBC/wprs Bull. 19: 249 — 264.
Google Scholar
Reheul D., Baert J., B. Boller B., Bourdon P., Cagas B., Eickmeyer F., Feuerstein U., Gaune I., Ghesquiere A., Gras M.C., Hoks I., Katova A., Lellbach H., Matzk F., Mulle H., Oliviera J.A., Pronczuk M., Roldan — Ruiz I., Thorogood D., Vanbellinghen C., van Hee F., van Wijk A., Visscher J., Vijn R., Wolters L. 2000. Crown rust, Puccinia coronata Corda: recent developments. In: Proc. of the 3rd International Conference of Harmful and Beneficial Microorganisms in Grassland, Pastures and Turf, Paderborn, Germany, 2000. 17 — 28.
Google Scholar
Rijckaer G. 1995. Effect of fungicides on seed yield and disease control in perennial reygrass (Lolium perenne L.). In: Proc. of Third International Herbage Seed Conference Yield and Quality in Herbage Seed Production, Halle, Germany, 1995. 236 — 239.
Google Scholar
Roderick H. W., Thomas B. J. 1997. The infection of ryegrass by three rust fungi (Puccinia coronata, P. lolina and P. graminis) and some effects of temperature on the establishment of the disease and sporulation. Plant Pathol. 46: 751 — 761.
Google Scholar
Roderick H. W., Thorogood D., Adamko B. 2000 a. The expression of resistance to crown rust infection in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Plant Breed. 119: 1133 — 1144.
Google Scholar
Roderick W. H., Thorogood D., Adamko B. 2000 b. Temperature-dependent resistance to crown rust infection in perennial ryegrass. Plant Breed. 119: 93 — 96.
Google Scholar
Rose-Fricker C. A., Meyer W. A., Kronstad W. E. 1986. Inheritance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola) in six perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) crosses. Plant Dis. 70: 678 — 681.
Google Scholar
Schubiger F. X., Streckeisen P., Boller B. 2003. Pathogenicity of crown rust on cultivars of Italian and perennial ryegrass. Vortr. Pflanzenüchtg 59: 208 — 216.
Google Scholar
Schubiger F. X., Streckeisen P., Boller B. 2006. The EUCARPIA Multisite Rust Evaluation Trial – results of the trials 2004. Proc. XXVI EUCARPIA Fodder Crop and Amenity Grasses Section and XVI Medicago spp. Group “Breeding and seed production for conventional and organic agriculture”, 3–7 September, 2006, Perugia, Italy: 154 — 156.
Google Scholar
Schumann K., Backhaus R. 1988. Untersuchungen zur Variabilität des Schneeschimmelerregers bei Futtergräsern. Nachr. Bl. Pflanzenschutz DDR 4: 75 — 78.
Google Scholar
Skirde W. 1980. Epidemisches auftreten von Fusarium nivale in winter 1978–1979. Zeitschrift für Vegetationstechnik 3: 42 — 46.
Google Scholar
Thomas J. E. 1994. Disease resistance in grass variety testing systems, a review of results from UK. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 17 (1): 201 — 207
Google Scholar
Thomas J. E., Camps A. J. 1996. The incidence and significance of brown rust (Puccinia recondita f.sp. lolii) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis) in herbage seed crops in the UK. In: The 2nd International Conference of Harmful and Beneficial Microorganisms in Grassland, Pastures and Turf. Krohn K., Paul V.H. (ed.), 139 — 146.
Google Scholar
Thorogood D., Paget M., Humphreys M., Turner L., Roderick H. 1999. QTL analysis of crown rust resistance in perennial ryegrass. In Proc. of 22nd EUCARPIA Fodder Crop and Amenity Grasses Section Meeting. New approaches and techniques in breeding sustainable fodder crops and amenity grasses, November 1999, St Petersburg, Russia.
Google Scholar
Welty R. E., Azevedo M. D. 1994. Application of propiconazole in management of stem rust in perenial reygrass grown for seed. Plant Dis. 78: 236 — 240.
Google Scholar
Welty R. E., Barker R. E. 1992. Evaluation of resistance to stem rust in perennial ryegrass grown in controlled and field conditions. Plant Dis. 76: 637 — 641.
Google Scholar
Welty R. E., Barker R. E. 1994. Management of stem rust (Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola) in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) grown for seed. IOBC/WPRS Bull. 17(1): 241 — 246.
Google Scholar
Wijk van A. J. P. 1996. Breeding amenity grasses: achievements and future prospects. In: Proc. of 20th EUCARPIA Crops and Amenity Grasses Meeting, October 7–10 1996, Radzikow, Poland, 1996, 137 — 138.
Google Scholar
Wilkins P. W. 1978. Specialisation of crown rust on highly and moderately resistant plants of perennial ryegrass. Annals of Applied Biology 88: 179 — 184.
Google Scholar
Authors
Elżbieta Czembore.czembor@ihar.edu.pl
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin w Radzikowie Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 176PDF downloads: 30
License
Copyright (c) 2007 Elżbieta Czembor
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Upon submitting the article, the Authors grant the Publisher a non-exclusive and free license to use the article for an indefinite period of time throughout the world in the following fields of use:
- Production and reproduction of copies of the article using a specific technique, including printing and digital technology.
- Placing on the market, lending or renting the original or copies of the article.
- Public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the article publicly available in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice.
- Including the article in a collective work.
- Uploading an article in electronic form to electronic platforms or otherwise introducing an article in electronic form to the Internet or other network.
- Dissemination of the article in electronic form on the Internet or other network, in collective work as well as independently.
- Making the article available in an electronic version in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice, in particular via the Internet.
Authors by sending a request for publication:
- They consent to the publication of the article in the journal,
- They agree to give the publication a DOI (Digital Object Identifier),
- They undertake to comply with the publishing house's code of ethics in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), (http://ihar.edu.pl/biblioteka_i_wydawnictwa.php),
- They consent to the articles being made available in electronic form under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license, in open access,
- They agree to send article metadata to commercial and non-commercial journal indexing databases.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Elżbieta Czembor, Relationships between the resistance to rusts and snow mould and phenotypic characters of turf perennial ryegrass forms , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 247 (2008): Regular issue
- Elżbieta Czembor, Marta Puchta, Urszula Piechota, Jerzy H. Czembor, Genetic diversity in the collection of modern and historical inbred lines of maize for resistance to ear rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides and the ability to accumulate fumonisins , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 283 (2018): Special issue