Sugar beet breeding methods
Leonarda Dalke
l.dalke@ihar.edu.ploZakład Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin Korzeniowych, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział w Bydgoszczy (Poland)
Abstract
Sugar beet breeding in Poland has got more than hundred years tradition and considerable achievements. When taking into account the methods applied, the history of sugar beet breeding can be divided into several periods. Until the half of last century the population methods of breeding multigerm diploid cultivars were used (mainly genealogical method with progenies evolution). In this way, the cultivar AJ-1, characterized by the highest content of sugar in the world, was bred. A significant increase in root and sugar yield was achieved by applying the method of tetraploid induction using colchicine treatments and creating sugar beet polyploid cultivars. The method was developed at our Institute. In this respect, the pioneer research works on tetraploids by A. Filutowicz and A. Kużdowicz should be mentioned. The greatest challenge for breeders was to develop a suitable method for creating monogerm triploid and diploid hybrids. This aim was reached after many years of very costly breeding work using cytoplasmic-genes male sterility lines. In monogerm hybrids a significant increase in root and sugar yield was obtained. This method is now commonly applied in Europe and in the USA. In this paper the main problems of breeding to be solved in the nearest future are outlined.
Keywords:
sugar beet, breeding methods, multigerm, monogerm hybrids cultivarsReferences
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Authors
Leonarda Dalkel.dalke@ihar.edu.plo
Zakład Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin Korzeniowych, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział w Bydgoszczy Poland
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Copyright (c) 2004 Leonarda Dalke
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