Substitutions, additions and translocations of wheat chromosomes in diploid rye
Abstract
The aim of this study was introgression of wheat chromosomes into diploid rye. For this purpose the F4 and F1 generations of the hybrids between 2x rye and substitution-translocation 4x rye were analyzed with the C-banding method. Elimination of wheat chromosomes was observed in 23.4% of substitution-translocation diploid rye progeny analyzed. The remaining plants carried monosomic and disomic substitutions, some additions and also translocations of wheat genetic material. Wheat chromosome number ranged from one to three per plant. The frequency of chromosome 5A was the highest, followed by 7A, 2A, 1A and 4A. Chromosome 6A occurred only in addition plants. Substitution wheat chromosome of the genome B — 7B was noted only in one plant. Translocations occurred most frequently in the short arm of 7A wheat chromosome followed in the diminishing number by 2AS, 2AL, 1AS, 1AL, 4AL, 6AL, 3AL. The wheat chromosomes in diploid rye were transmitted through the female gametes, rarely through the pollen. Self-fertility analysis in the diploid rye with the participation of different wheat chromosomes occurring in various numbers showed, that the wheat genetic material did not cause inactivation of rye self–incompatibility genes. The self-fertility of diploid rye with wheat chromosomes was conditioned exclusively by the self-fertile genes introduced by male sterile diploid rye forms used in the crosses.
Keywords:
Secale cereale L., Triticum aestivum L., addition, self-compatibility, substitution, translocation, wheat chromosomeReferences
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