The effectiveness of sewage sludge in soil recovery on flotation tilling tips
Krzysztof Klimont
k.klimont@ihar.edu.plKrajowe Centrum Roślinnych Zasobów Genowych, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików (Poland)
Stanisław Góral
Krajowe Centrum Roślinnych Zasobów Genowych, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików (Poland)
Marek Jońca
Przedsiębiorstwo Rekultywacji Terenów Górniczych, Jeziorko (Poland)
Abstract
The effect of different doses of thickened municipal sludge fertilization on initiation and intensity of soil formation process on a tip of flotation tilling from sulphur mine at Jeziórko (south-east of Poland was studied) in relation to a species of reclamation plant. The growth of Salix viminalis was a separate aspect of the research. The tip of flotation tilling was fertilized with sewage sludge at the amount of 250; 500 and 750 m3/ha together with mineral NKP fertilization. Next tubers of Helianthus tuberosus or seed of Festuca arundinacea were planted. On flotation tilling enriched additionally with 250 m3/ha of thickened municipal sludge, Festuca pratensis was planted in mixture with Lolium perenne, Trifolium pratense, and Medicago varia. The canopy of Festuca arundinacea and mixtures of grasses were cut or fed to cattle, however dried shoots of Helianthus tuberosus, were cut and crushed and left over early in spring. Prior to setting up the plantation of Salix viminalis the tip of flotation tilling was fertilized with 100 m3/ha of municipal sludge together with post-harvest residues of preceding crop (rye). In the collected soil samples soil texture, pH and content of P, K, Mg and organic matter were determined. It was found that all doses of municipal sludge applied to flotation tilling caused clear increase of organic matter content and concentration of P, K, Mg. The highest doses of municipal sludge together with organic matter from Helianthus tuberosus influenced most efficiently the soil formation process, formation of humus layer and accumulation of the mineral ingredients was most intense. Salix viminalis grew well on flotation tilling fertilized with municipal sludge together with post harvest residues of rye straw. Weak or dead basket willow plants found on a part of the plantation seem to be caused by other factors than the lack of nutrients in soil. Mechanical composition of ground was much differentiated, but it had almost no effect on organic matter and P, K, Mg contents. In the surface layer of the flotation tilling the process of soil recovery was more intensive and this layer contained more organic matter and minerals than the lower one.
Keywords:
flotation tilling, post-mining reclamation, sewage sludge, soil forming process, soil textureReferences
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Authors
Krzysztof Klimontk.klimont@ihar.edu.pl
Krajowe Centrum Roślinnych Zasobów Genowych, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików Poland
Authors
Stanisław GóralKrajowe Centrum Roślinnych Zasobów Genowych, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików Poland
Authors
Marek JońcaPrzedsiębiorstwo Rekultywacji Terenów Górniczych, Jeziorko Poland
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