Aphid transmissibility of genetically different isolates of Potato virus Y and susceptibility of weeds to virus infection
Agnieszka Kaliciak
a.kaliciak@ihar.edu.plInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział Młochów (Poland)
Jerzy Syller
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział Młochów (Poland)
Abstract
Potato Virus Y (PVY) is one of the most economically important pathogens attacking solanaceous crops. PVY is non-persistently transmitted by aphids, and its principal vector is Myzus persicae. Aphids efficiently acquire the virus during short (< 1min) feeding probes made by aphids in the epidermal leaf tissue. In the last 20 years, the increasing spread of new, more infective PVY variants has been reported. Novel virus variants have been classified into subgroups PVYNTN and PVYNW within the standard PVYN strain. The dynamic spread of novel genetic variants of PVY may indicate that they have evolved active forms of interaction with aphid vectors. The studies carried out in Młochów on aphid transmissibility of 12 PVY isolates included timed acquisition experiments in which apterous aphids were placed on PVY-infected leaves for a short (10-min.) or long (72-h) acquisition access period (AAP). Nicotiana tabacum var. Samsun, Physalis floridana and Solanum nigrum were applied as assay plants. Transmissibility by M. persicae of PVYNTN and PVYNW isolates was found to be evidently higher than that of the isolates representing the standard PVYN and PVY0 strains. Surprisingly high transmission rates of some isolates acquired by aphids during a 3-day AAP were recorded. Aphid transmissibility of PVY was also shown to depend on the species of an assay plant. The genetic variability within PVY population must affect the interactions of the virus with its host plant and, in consequence, modify virus host range. The natural host range of PVY includes crop plants as well as solanaceous and non-solanaceous arable weeds. PVY-infected weeds can play a role as the natural reservoir of virus and the source of primary infection. Three new natural hosts of PVY have been found among arable weeds, commonly occurring in Poland: Geranium pusillum and Erodium cicutarium (Geraniaceae each), and Lamium purpureum (Lamiaceae). A recent report from Greece that Lactuca serriola (Asteraceae) is a natural host for PVY, has also been confirmed.
Supporting Agencies
Keywords:
IC-RT-PCR, Myzus persicae, PVY, ELISA, isolates, transmission efficiency, weedsReferences
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Authors
Agnieszka Kaliciaka.kaliciak@ihar.edu.pl
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział Młochów Poland
Authors
Jerzy SyllerInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Oddział Młochów Poland
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