Results of the breeding program aimed at improvement of male fertility of hybrid rye varieties.
Irena Kolasińska
i.kolasinska@ihar.edu.plZakład Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin — Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Radzików (Poland)
Abstract
The paper discusses the results of the breeding program for a new generation of paternal components of rye hybrid varieties with full capacity to restore male fertility in the Pampa cytoplasm. Plant material involved S2 and S3 inbred lines, male parents (restorer synthetics), test hybrids and experimental hybrids derived from the current breeding program in Smolice Plant Breeding Ltd. The S2 and S3 inbred lines were developed from new breeding populations including donors of restorer genes with different origins (R-pol, R-tur, R-ir). The inbred lines and the male parents were crossed to the same hard-restoration tester (CMS-Tt) under isolation bags, between isolation walls and in foil tunnels. The level of male fertility of test hybrids was assessed in two growing conditions (foil tunnel, field) by pollen shedding visual scores of plant plots and/or by anther dehiscence visual scores of single plants with a 1–9 scale. The restoration indices (RI%) were calculated according to the formula: RI = % of male fertile (%mf) plants + 1/2% of partially male fertile plants (%pmf). Moreover, frequency of full (IR>70%) and partial (IR=50–70%) restorers was determined among genotype groups from particular stages of the program. In the years 2014–2017, a considerable progress was achieved in the improvement of male fertility restoring ability in the Pampa cytoplasm compared to the previous period (data 2013). Majority of the newly developed inbred lines and created male parents were highly effective in restoration of male fertility in the Pampa cytoplasm. High frequency of full restorers was found in each group of genotypes. Several genotypes were able to restore completely pollen fertility (IR = 100%) of their hybrids with various male sterile lines cultivated in both growing conditions — foil tunnel and field. Very effective restorers directly could be used for creation of Pampa-based rye hybrids with improved male fertility. In addition, the best of them should be also utilized as restoring gene donors in breeding programe of rye hybrids.
Keywords:
hybrid breeding, male sterility, Pampa cytoplasm, restorer, male fertility restoration, ryeReferences
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Authors
Irena Kolasińskai.kolasinska@ihar.edu.pl
Zakład Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin, Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin — Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Radzików Poland
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