Evaluation of winterhardiness, earliness and infections with brown rust and powdery mildew in hybrids of Aegilops juvenalis and Ae. ventricosa with Triticum aestivum and T. durum
Roman Prażak
biuro.dziekana.wrib@pbs.edu.plInstytut Nauk Rolniczych w Zamościu, Akademia Rolnicza w Lublinie (Poland)
Abstract
Winterhardiness, earliness, resistance to brown rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. triitici) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) were evaluated, under field conditions, in four wide hybrid strains, together with their parental forms. The strains were derived from crosses of Aegilops juvenalis and Ae. ventricosa with Triticum aestivum (cvs. Arda, Begra, Panda, CZR 1406–1BL/1RS) and T. durum (cv. Grandur). The percentage of living plants in spring was a measure of winterhardiness. The earliness was determined by the number of days from May 1st to ear emergence. The diseases evaluation was performed at the stages of heading and milk maturity. Natural infections with brown rust and powdery mildew were evaluated using a nine-grades score (1 — most susceptible, 9 — completely resistant). From the conducted investigations it follows that in the climate conditions of eastern Poland the hybrids had a little lower winterhardiness than the CZR 1406 line and the Begra wheat cultivar, but they were more winter hardy than the Aegilops species. Among the hybrids, good winterhardiness showed the strains (Ae. juvenalis × CZR 1406) × Begra and {[(Ae. juvenalis × CZR 1406) × CZR 1406] × Panda} × CZR 1406. The earliest heading was observed in the Aegilops species, later — in the hybrid strains and the latest — in the wheat cultivars. The strains (Ae juvenalis × CZR 1406) × Begra and {[( Ae. ventricosa × Grandur) × Panda] × Arda} × Arda were highly susceptible to brown rust. The hybrids [(Ae. ventricosa × Grandur) × Panda] × Panda and {[(Ae. juvenalis × CZR 1406) × CZR 1406] × Panda} × CZR 1406 showed high resistance to brown rust. All hybrid strains showed good resistance to powdery mildew. The highest resistance to the mildew was noted in the strain {[(Ae. ventricosa × Grandur) × Panda] × Arda} × Arda.
Keywords:
Aegilops, Triticum, hybrids, winterhardiness, earliness, brown rust, powdery mildewReferences
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Authors
Roman Prażakbiuro.dziekana.wrib@pbs.edu.pl
Instytut Nauk Rolniczych w Zamościu, Akademia Rolnicza w Lublinie Poland
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