The characterization of winter triticale cultivars in relation to traits connected with preharvest sprouting
Wanda Kociuba
dziekanat.agbioinz@up.lublin.plInstytut Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza, Lublin (Poland)
Danuta Kulpa
Katedra Przemysłu Rolno-Spożywczego i Przechowalnictwa, Akademia Rolnicza, Lublin (Poland)
Abstract
The research was conducted on 13 cultivars of winter triticale together with the Elena wheat and the Dańkowskie Złote rye for comparison. The following traits were analyzed: energy and capacity of grain germination, falling number and activity of -amylase. The presented results concern the two-years research (years covered: 1999, 2000). The energy and capacity of grain germination (PN-79/R-65950) were tested in Petri dishes, 15 cm in diameter. 100 grains were sown on a wet filter paper of ph 6.0–7.5. The dishes were put into a thermostat with temperature 23°C. After 4 days the energy of germination was estimated, after 7 days — the capacity of germination for rye, and after 8 days - the capacity of germination for triticale and wheat. The tests were conducted in three replications and four times: in full maturity of grain, 8, 16 and 24 days after harvest. The aim was to determine a period of seed dormancy. Falling number (PN-ISO 3093: 1996) was tested by means of the Hagberg-Perten's method and the activity of α-amylase using the Varner's method.The energy and capacity of grain germination at full maturity were distinctly lower than the values received for the later terms. The difference was connected with the occurrence of seed dormancy. High differentiation of cultivars in respect of duration and depth of seed dormancy should be emphasized. High values of energy and capacity of grain germination at full maturity were recorded for the following cultivars: Disco, Fidelio, Tewo and Mundo, low values were found for Moniko, Lasko, Purdy and wheat. A significantly lower activity of α-amylase was observed for the cultivars: Purdy, Bogo and Mundo, whose falling number was higher, which suggests a higher resistance to preharvest sprouting of these cultivars. However, all the examined cultivars of winter triticale showed higher activity of α-amylase and lower falling number than in cases of wheat and rye. A considerable differentiation of the cultivars as for the level of these traits will allow selection in the future breeding work.
Keywords:
α-amylase, falling number, seed dormancy, sprouting, winter triticaleReferences
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Authors
Wanda Kociubadziekanat.agbioinz@up.lublin.pl
Instytut Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza, Lublin Poland
Authors
Danuta KulpaKatedra Przemysłu Rolno-Spożywczego i Przechowalnictwa, Akademia Rolnicza, Lublin Poland
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