Response of selected winter wheat cultivars to low- and high-input cultivation technologies
Bogdan Kulig
wrol@urk.edu.plKatedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie (Poland)
Stanisław Kania
Stacja Hodowli Roślin, Polanowice (Poland)
Wiesław Szafrański
Katedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie (Poland)
Tadeusz Zając
Katedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie (Poland)
Abstract
The field experiment was carried out in the 1999–2000 season at the Plants Breeding Station in Polanowice near Krakow on the degraded chernozem soil. The two — factor experiment was set up with the randomised block method in two replications. The aim of the study was estimation of mineral nitrogen rates and plant protection on plant and ear morphology and on yield — forming potential of winter wheat. The following factors were examined: cultivars Elena, Izolda, Kaja, Kobra, Korweta, Mikula, Mobela, Roma, Rysa, Sakwa, Symfonia, Wanda, Wilga, Zyta, methods of cultivation: A1 — low level of N-fertilization, without growth regulator and chemical disease control, A2 — higher level of N-fertilization + growth regulator + plant protection. The study showed that the selected winter wheat cultivars grown on the good wheat complex yielded very high, the obtained grain yield was 8,71 t/ha. Full protection of plants and top dressing fertilization increased grain yield of the investigated cultivars, which was, about 35% higher in comparison to the low input technology (A1). The highest yields were recorded for the Sakwa, Mikula, Elena, Kobra. Averaged over cultivars, increasing the rate of spring — applied N and chemical disease control, increased grain weight per ear and participation of grains of diameter above 2,8 mm. The data showed that weight of 1000 grains and leaf area index were significantly higher when the cultivars were grown with the favourable cultivation technology (A2). Lodging of plants and infection by diseases (septoria, brown rust) were significant, especially when the objects were not protected. Analysis of path coefficients for all ears revealed a prevailing direct influence of two features upon grain weight per ear, i.e.: number of grains per ear and weight of 1000 grains. The direct influence of ear length on grain weight was insignificant.
Keywords:
cultivars, cultivation technology, grain yield, winter wheatReferences
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Authors
Bogdan Kuligwrol@urk.edu.pl
Katedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie Poland
Authors
Stanisław KaniaStacja Hodowli Roślin, Polanowice Poland
Authors
Wiesław SzafrańskiKatedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie Poland
Authors
Tadeusz ZającKatedra Szczegółowej Uprawy Roślin, Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie Poland
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