Morphology and anatomy of the root system of new potato cultivars. Part I. Morphology of the root system
Krystyna Rykaczewska
k.rykaczewska@ihar.edu.plInstytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin — Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Oddział w Jadwisinie, Zakład Agronomii Ziemniaka (Poland)
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to assess the variability of morphology of the root systems of 17 potato cultivars and to consider a possible connection with their tolerance to high temperature and drought during growing season. The study was carried out in a greenhouse in 2014. Among the cultivars selected for the study ‘Tetyda’ was tolerant and ‘Aruba’ susceptible to these abiotic stresses. A device for the production of potato minitubers in aeroponics was used in the study. Measurements of root system properties were conducted at flowering period and at the beginning of tuberization. Significant differences were found among cultivars in terms of the maximum rooting depth, their fresh and dry matter and dry matter content in roots. Maximum rooting depth reached 109 cm. It was significantly positively correlated with the fresh matter of roots. A measure of the size of the potato plant root system used by most researchers is the dry matter of roots. In our study, it was from 0.93 to 4.78 g per plant depending on the cultivar and was highly correlated with the length of the stems and the fresh matter of above-ground part of plants. The dry matter content in roots ranged from 4.4% in the cultivar Miłek to 7.6% in the cultivar Tetyda with high tolerance to heat and drought stresses during the growing season. However, the demonstration of the relationship between tolerance of cultivars to these abiotic stresses during the growing season and the dry matter content in the roots will require further research.
Keywords:
aeroponics, depth range of root system, dry matter of root system, dry matter content in roots, Solanum tubrerosumReferences
Birch P. R. J., Bryan G., Fenton B., Gilroy E., Hein I., Jones J.T., Prashar A., Taylor M. A., Torrance L., Toth I. K. 2012. Crops that feed the world 8: Potato: are the trends of increased global production sustainable? Food Security 4: 477 — 508.
Google Scholar
De Smet I., White P.J., Bengough A. G., Dupuy L., Parizot B., Casimiro I., Heidstra R., Laskowski M., Lepetit M., Hochholdinger F., Draye X., Zhang H. M., Broadley M. R., Peret B., Hammond J.P., Fukaki H., Mooney S., Lynch J. P., Nacry P., Schurr U., Laplaze L., Benfey P., Beeckman T., Bennett M. 2012. Analyzing lateral root development: how to move forward? Plant Cell 24, 1: 15 — 20.
Google Scholar
Ewing E. E. 1981. Heat stress and tuberization stimulus. Am. Potato J. 58: 31 — 49.
Google Scholar
Głuska A. 2004. Zróżnicowanie wielkości systemu korzeniowego u odmian ziemniaka. Biul. IHAR 232: 37 — 46.
Google Scholar
Haynes K.G., Haynes F. L., Henderson W. R. 1989. Heritability of specific gravity of diploid potato under high-temperature growing conditions. Crop Sci. 29: 622 — 625.
Google Scholar
Hijmans R. J. 2003. The effect of climate change on global potato production. Am J Potato Res. 80: 271 — 280.
Google Scholar
Iwama K. 2008. Physiology of the Potato: New Insights into Root System and Repercussions for Crop Management. Potato Res. 51: 333 — 353.
Google Scholar
Kooman P. L., Haverkort A. J. 1995. Modeling development and growth of the potato crop influenced by temperature and daylength. In: Haverkort. A. J. and D. K. L. MacKerron, Eds., Potato Ecology and Modeling of Crop under Conditions Limiting Growth. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht: 41 — 59.
Google Scholar
Krauss A., Marschner H. 1984. Growth rate and carbohydrate metabolism of potato tubers exposed to high temperatures. Potato Res. 27: 297 — 303.
Google Scholar
Lafta A. H., Lorenzen J. H. 1995. Effect of high temperature on plant growth and carbohydrate metabolism in potato. Plant Physiology 109: 637 — 643.
Google Scholar
Lahlou O., Ledent J. F. 2005. Root mass and depth, stolons and roots formed on stolons in four cultivars of potato under water stress. Europ. J. Agronomy 22: 159 — 173.
Google Scholar
Rolot J.-L., Seutin H., Michelante D. 2002. Production de minitubercules de pomme de terre par hydroponie: évaluation d’un système combinant les techniques “NFT” et “Gravel Culture” pour deux types de solutions nutritives. Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 6, 3: 155 — 161.
Google Scholar
Rykaczewska K. 1993. Effect of temperature during growing season and physiological age of minitubers on potato plant development and yield. Bull Potato Inst. 42: 39 — 46.
Google Scholar
Rykaczewska K. 2009. Rapid multiplication of potato minitubers using hydroponic. Biul. IHAR 253: 277 — 284.
Google Scholar
Rykaczewska K. 2013 a. Assessment of potato mother tubers vigour using the method of accelerated ageing. Plant Prod. Sci. 16: 171 — 182.
Google Scholar
Rykaczewska K. 2013 b. The impact of high temperature during growing season on potato cultivars with different response to environmental stresses. Am. J. Plant Sci. 4: 2386 — 2393.
Google Scholar
Rykaczewska K. 2015 a. The effect of high temperature occurring in subsequent stages of plant development on potato yield and tuber physiological defects. Am. J. Pot. Res. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-015-9436-x.
Google Scholar
Rykaczewska K. 2015 b. The effect of meteorological conditions during the growing season and physiological age of potato plants on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Acta Physiol Plant ACPP-D-15-00293.
Google Scholar
Silberbush M. 2013. Root study: why is it behind other plant studies? Am. J. Plant Sci. 4, 198 — 203.
Google Scholar
Struik P. C., Geertsema J., Custers C.H.M.G. 1989 a. Effect of shoot, root and stolon temperature on the development of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L) plant. I. Development of the haulm. Potato Res. 32: 133 — 141.
Google Scholar
Struik P. C., Geertsema J., Custers C.H.M.G. 1989 b. Effect of shoot, root and stolon temperature on the development of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L) plant. III. Development of tubers. Potato Res. 32: 151 — 158.
Google Scholar
Tracy S. R., Black C. R., Roberts J. A., Mooney S. J. 2011. Soil Compaction: a review of past and present techniques for investigating effects on root growth. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 9: 1528 — 1537.
Google Scholar
Van Dam J., Kooman P. L, Struik P.C. 1996. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on early growth and final number of tubers in potato (Solanum tuberosum L). Potato Res. 39: 51 — 62.
Google Scholar
Villordon A. Q., Ginzberg I., Firon N. 2014. Root architecture and root and tuber crop productivity. Trends in Plant Science 19: 419 — 425.
Google Scholar
Vos J., Groenwold J. 1986. Root growth of potato crops on marine-clay soil. Plant and Soil 94: 17 — 33.
Google Scholar
Wahid A., Gelani S., Ashraf M., Foolad M. R. 2007. Heat tolerance in plants: an overview. Environ Exp Bot. 61: 199 — 223.
Google Scholar
Wishart J., George T. S., Brown L. K., Ramsay G., Bradshaw J. E., White P. J., Gregory P. J. 2013. Measuring variation in potato roots in both field and glasshouse: the search for useful yield predictors and a simple screen for root traits. Plant Soil 368: 231 — 249.
Google Scholar
Authors
Krystyna Rykaczewskak.rykaczewska@ihar.edu.pl
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin — Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Oddział w Jadwisinie, Zakład Agronomii Ziemniaka Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 343PDF downloads: 59
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Krystyna Rykaczewska
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Upon submitting the article, the Authors grant the Publisher a non-exclusive and free license to use the article for an indefinite period of time throughout the world in the following fields of use:
- Production and reproduction of copies of the article using a specific technique, including printing and digital technology.
- Placing on the market, lending or renting the original or copies of the article.
- Public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the article publicly available in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice.
- Including the article in a collective work.
- Uploading an article in electronic form to electronic platforms or otherwise introducing an article in electronic form to the Internet or other network.
- Dissemination of the article in electronic form on the Internet or other network, in collective work as well as independently.
- Making the article available in an electronic version in such a way that everyone can access it at a place and time of their choice, in particular via the Internet.
Authors by sending a request for publication:
- They consent to the publication of the article in the journal,
- They agree to give the publication a DOI (Digital Object Identifier),
- They undertake to comply with the publishing house's code of ethics in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), (http://ihar.edu.pl/biblioteka_i_wydawnictwa.php),
- They consent to the articles being made available in electronic form under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license, in open access,
- They agree to send article metadata to commercial and non-commercial journal indexing databases.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Barbara Łotocka, Marcin Kozak, Krystyna Rykaczewska, Morphology and anatomy of the root system of new potato cultivars. Part II. Root anatomy , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 279 (2016): Regular issue
- Krystyna Rykaczewska, The role of agronomy in development of multi-functional agriculture — in the light of X Congress of the European Society for Agronomy , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 255 (2010): Regular issue
- Krystyna Rykaczewska, Rapid multiplication of potato minitubers using hydroponic , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 253 (2009): Regular issue
- Krystyna Rykaczewska, Response of chosen potato cultivars to high temperature and drought stresses during the growing season under field conditions , Bulletin of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute: No. 279 (2016): Regular issue
