The The yield and grain quality of winter wheat grown under conditions of differentiated nitrogen and sulfur fertilization
Tomasz Knapowski
knap@pbs.edu.plKatedra Biogeochemii, Gleboznawstwa i Melioracji Wodnych, Wydział Rolnictwa i Biotechnologii, Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1466-8477
Wojciech Kozera
Department of Biogeochemistry, Soil Science and Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6780-1353
Abstract
Wheat grain is characterized by high technological value, which creates opportunities for its use in food production, including as a raw material for flour and bread production. The baking value of the raw material should be characterized by optimal values of the indicators describing it. These can be verified, among other things, through mineral fertilization, including nitrogen and sulfur. In this regard, a 2-factor field study was conducted, using a randomized block method, where the experimental material was winter wheat grain of the 'Skagen' variety. The research factors were differentiated nitrogen fertilization (n=4: 80, 120, 160 kg·ha-1, control) and sulfur fertilization (n=3: 20, 40 kg·ha-1, control). The experiment aimed to determine the effect of the factors above and their interaction on wheat yield and the values of technological traits of the grain and the flour obtained from it (falling number, total protein, wet gluten, sedimentation index, bread volume).. It was found that increasing doses of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization significantly increased the yield of winter wheat grain. The highest, significant values of the analyzed quality parameters of winter wheat (total protein, wet gluten, sedimentation index, bread volume) were recorded after applying 120 kg N·ha-1, and for falling number after sowing 80 kg N·ha-1. In contrast, sulfur application at a dose of 40 kg·ha-1 determined the achievement of the most favorable values of the tested technological indicators in comparison to their values from the objects where 20 kg S·ha-1 was applied and the control object. This was statistically proven concerning the falling number values, total protein content, and bread volume.
Keywords:
grain yield, nitrogen fertilization, sulfur fertilization, technological value, winter wheat grainReferences
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Authors
Tomasz Knapowskiknap@pbs.edu.pl
Katedra Biogeochemii, Gleboznawstwa i Melioracji Wodnych, Wydział Rolnictwa i Biotechnologii, Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1466-8477
Authors
Wojciech KozeraDepartment of Biogeochemistry, Soil Science and Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6780-1353
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