Effects of winter wheat breeding
Part II. Variety as a yield-creating factor in trials and in production
Abstract
Theoretical and practical effects of winter wheat breeding have been established. The results obtained at the Experimental Variety Trial Stations as well as the inquiry data gathered in production farm in the period 1986–2001 were utilised. A method based on the dependency of yield on age of variety, without referring to a standard variety, was applied. Relationships between yield and a year of variety introduction were analyzed. A linear character of the dependency of yield on the age of variety (number of years after variety release) was revealed. An average value for the breeding effects (0.69%, referring to 47 kg·ha-1) was close to the value established using the method based on indices for a yield-creating value of the varieties (41 kg·ha-1), presented in part I of the paper. A varietal factor determined 42% of the yield increase, and its significance tended to grow up in the course of time. Average yearly increase of the winter wheat yield in the inquired farms, as achieved owing to the introduction of new varieties, was estimated at the level of 40 kg·ha-1, after taking into account the differences in mineral fertilization, soil conditions and intensity of chemical treatment.
Keywords:
breeding, genetic progress, varieties, winter wheat, yield of grainReferences
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Authors
Tadeusz Oleksiakt.oleksiak@ihar.edu.pl
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, Radzików Poland
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